完成了GUI部分学习, 实现一个贪吃蛇小游戏
效果
功能
- 开始随机初始化食物
- 边界实现循环
- 蛇每吃一个食物增长一个单位长度
- 不能反方向移动
- 食物吃完随机刷新
- 碰到自己游戏结束
- 按下空格可以暂停游戏和开始游戏
- 失败后按下空格可以重新开始
关键代码解释
public class StartGame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
// add componets to frame
frame.add(new GamePanel());
// set characters of frame
frame.setResizable(false);
frame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
}
开始界面
常规GUI操作, 设置Frame属性打一套, 组件部分添加GamePanel类, 所有功能在GamePanel中完成
public void init(){
length = 3;
snakeX[0] = 100; snakeY[0] = 100;
snakeX[1] = 75; snakeY[1] = 100;
snakeX[2] = 50; snakeY[2] = 100;
fx = "R";
foodX = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(34);
foodY = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(24);
score = 0;
}
初始化组件, 一开始设定蛇的长度, 头部位置, 方向, 食物随机生成
// paint head of snake
if (fx.equals("R")) {
Data.right.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
} else if (fx.equals("L")) {
Data.left.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
} else if (fx.equals("U")) {
Data.up.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
} else if (fx.equals("D")) {
Data.down.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
} else {
System.out.println("error dirction!");
}
// paint body of snake
for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
Data.body.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[i], snakeY[i]);
}
画出蛇的头部和身体
此处运用了一个技巧, 蛇身从尾往前赋值前一个单位的位置, 这样不用考虑方向就能实现蛇身移动, 蛇头的方向分4个方向考虑
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (isrunning && isFail == false) {
// eat food
if (snakeX[0] == foodX && snakeY[0] == foodY) {
length++;
score += 10;
foodX = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(34);
foodY = 75 + 25 * random.nextInt(24);
}
// move body
for (int i = length - 1; i > 0 ; i--) {
snakeX[i] = snakeX[i - 1];
snakeY[i] = snakeY[i - 1];
}
// move head
if (fx.equals("R")) { // right move
snakeX[0] += 25;
if (snakeX[0] > 850) {
snakeX[0] = 25;
}
} else if (fx.equals("L")) { // left move
snakeX[0] -= 25;
if (snakeX[0] < 25) {
snakeX[0] = 850;
}
} else if (fx.equals("U")) { // up move
snakeY[0] -= 25;
if (snakeY[0] < 75) {
snakeY[0] = 650;
}
} else if (fx.equals("D")) { // down move
snakeY[0] += 25;
if (snakeY[0] > 650) {
snakeY[0] = 75;
}
}
for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
if (snakeX[0] == snakeX[i] && snakeY[0] == snakeY[i]) {
isFail = true;
break;
}
}
repaint();
}
//timer.start();
}
按键监听, 监听方向键和空格, 控制游戏状态(开始/暂停), 和蛇的移动方向, 边界循环用边界判断条件实现, 用isFail参数判断游戏失败状态
完整代码
GameStart部分
public class StartGame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
// add componets to frame
frame.add(new GamePanel());
// set characters of frame
frame.setResizable(false);
frame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
}
GamePanel部分
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {
// define snake struction
int length;
int[] snakeX = new int[600];
int[] snakeY = new int[600];
String fx;
boolean isrunning = false;
Timer timer = new Timer(50, this);
int foodX, foodY;
Random random = new Random();
boolean isFail = false;
int score;
public GamePanel() {
init();
this.setFocusable(true);
this.addKeyListener(this);
}
public void init(){
length = 3;
snakeX[0] = 100; snakeY[0] = 100;
snakeX[1] = 75; snakeY[1] = 100;
snakeX[2] = 50; snakeY[2] = 100;
fx = "R";
foodX = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(34);
foodY = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(24);
score = 0;
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g); // clear screen
this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
Data.header.paintIcon(this, g,25, 11);
g.fillRect(25, 75, 850, 600);
// paint score and length of snake
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 18));
g.drawString("length "+ length, 760, 35);
g.drawString("score " + score, 760, 55);
// paint food
Data.food.paintIcon(this, g, foodX, foodY);
// paint head of snake
if (fx.equals("R")) {
Data.right.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
} else if (fx.equals("L")) {
Data.left.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
} else if (fx.equals("U")) {
Data.up.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
} else if (fx.equals("D")) {
Data.down.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
} else {
System.out.println("error dirction!");
}
// paint body of snake
for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
Data.body.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[i], snakeY[i]);
}
if (isrunning == false) {
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 40));
g.drawString("press space to start", 240, 360);
}
if (isFail) {
g.setColor(Color.RED);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 40));
g.drawString("FAIL, press space to restart", 180, 360);
}
}
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE) {
if (isFail) { // restart
isFail = false;
init();
} else {
isrunning = !isrunning;
if (isrunning) {
timer.start();
} else {
timer.stop();
}
repaint();
}
}
if (isrunning && isFail == false) {
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) {
if (!fx.equals("L")) {
fx = "R";
}
} else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) {
if (!fx.equals("R")) {
fx = "L";
}
} else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
if (!fx.equals("D")) {
fx = "U";
}
} else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) {
if (!fx.equals("U")) {
fx = "D";
}
}
}
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (isrunning && isFail == false) {
// eat food
if (snakeX[0] == foodX && snakeY[0] == foodY) {
length++;
score += 10;
foodX = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(34);
foodY = 75 + 25 * random.nextInt(24);
}
// move body
for (int i = length - 1; i > 0 ; i--) {
snakeX[i] = snakeX[i - 1];
snakeY[i] = snakeY[i - 1];
}
// move head
if (fx.equals("R")) { // right move
snakeX[0] += 25;
if (snakeX[0] > 850) {
snakeX[0] = 25;
}
} else if (fx.equals("L")) { // left move
snakeX[0] -= 25;
if (snakeX[0] < 25) {
snakeX[0] = 850;
}
} else if (fx.equals("U")) { // up move
snakeY[0] -= 25;
if (snakeY[0] < 75) {
snakeY[0] = 650;
}
} else if (fx.equals("D")) { // down move
snakeY[0] += 25;
if (snakeY[0] > 650) {
snakeY[0] = 75;
}
}
for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
if (snakeX[0] == snakeX[i] && snakeY[0] == snakeY[i]) {
isFail = true;
break;
}
}
repaint();
}
//timer.start();
}
@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) { }
@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) { }
}
data部分
public class Data {
public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/header.jpg");
public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);
public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/body.png");
public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/food.png");
public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);
public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/up.png");
public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/down.png");
public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);
public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/left.png");
public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/right.png");
public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);
}
注: 素材放到同目录下的statics文件夹中, 用URL相对路径索引
实现详解可见B站狂神说Java
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1DJ411B75F?p=27
总结
- 以上完成了GUI部分的学习, 以后可以做一个完整的GUI知识点整理(
立了个flag) - 接下来是多线程部分学习, 加油啊!!!