pyqt5获取B站的直播弹幕

闲着没事做了一个B站的直播弹幕抓取很简单很粗糙的程序，并显示在GUI上，在这里记录一下，免得以后忘记开发过程了。

环境：

python：3.6

pyqt：5.11.3

requests：2.19.1

 

主要参照了https://blog.csdn.net/xfgryujk/article/details/80306776这位前辈的方法方式，奈何搞不懂协程异步这类的概念，所以使用pyqt5自带的QWebSocket类，网上文档很少都是C++的程序，查看了两天的资料和源码终于搞出来了。

查看了前辈的代码捋一下他给出的思路：

1.先要获得B站直播间的房间号，下图的102就是房间短号，前辈用的aiohttp获取真正的房间号，我用的requests

2.用WebSockets连接B站并发送认证的参数

'wss://broadcastlv.chat.bilibili.com:2245/sub'

3.连接成功后30s发送一次心跳包，前辈用单独一个循环发送心跳包，我是用QThread分线程发送的

4.收到B站返回的数据，前辈用的单独一个循环轮询，我用的QWebSocket是事件触发的

 

原理什么的完全不懂，我是按照这个思路搞出来了，在前辈的代码基础上用pyqt5替换。

ssl认证参照了这个，原理不懂照葫芦画瓢

https://blog.csdn.net/u010810750/article/details/79037170

首先是win.py

#win.py
#  -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import json
import struct
import sys,time
import requests

from device import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from collections import namedtuple
from enum import IntEnum
from PyQt5.QtCore import QUrl
from PyQt5.QtNetwork import QSsl,QSslSocket
from PyQt5.QtWebSockets import QWebSocket


ROOM_INIT_URL = 'https://api.live.bilibili.com/room/v1/Room/room_init'
WEBSOCKET_URL = 'wss://broadcastlv.chat.bilibili.com:2245/sub'

HEADER_STRUCT = struct.Struct('>I2H2I')
HeaderTuple = namedtuple('HeaderTuple', ('total_len', 'header_len', 'proto_ver', 'operation', 'sequence'))


class Operation(IntEnum):
    SEND_HEARTBEAT = 2
    POPULARITY = 3
    COMMAND = 5
    AUTH = 7
    RECV_HEARTBEAT = 8


class win(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super(win, self).__init__(parent=None)

        self.dataRecvws = QWebSocket()
        self.config = self.dataRecvws.sslConfiguration()#ssl认证之类的
        self.config.setPeerVerifyMode(QSslSocket.VerifyNone)
        self.config.setProtocol(QSsl.TlsV1SslV3)
        self.dataRecvws.setSslConfiguration(self.config)

        self.dataRecvws.disconnected.connect(self.onDisconnect)#断开连接
        # self.dataRecvws.textMessageReceived.connect(self.onTextReceived)
        self.dataRecvws.binaryMessageReceived.connect(self.onBinaryReceived)#数据接收
        self.dataRecvws.connected.connect(self.onConnected)#连接

        self.th = heart_beat()

        self.resize(300,400)
        self.setWindowFlags(Qt.WindowTitleHint|Qt.WindowCloseButtonHint)#Qt.CustomizeWindowHint|

        self.room = QLineEdit('102')
        self.room.setPlaceholderText('房间号')
        self.sure = QPushButton('确定')
        lab0 = QLabel('人数')
        self.num = QLineEdit('0')
        self.num.setFixedWidth(50)
        self.num.setReadOnly(True)

        self.text = QTextEdit()
        self.text.setReadOnly(True)
        #self.text.document().setMaximumBlockCount(100)

        self.sure.clicked.connect(self.set_open)

        hbox1 = QHBoxLayout()
        hbox1.addWidget(self.room)
        hbox1.addWidget(self.sure)
        hbox1.addWidget(lab0)
        hbox1.addWidget(self.num)

        vbox1 = QVBoxLayout(self)
        vbox1.addLayout(hbox1)
        vbox1.addWidget(self.text)

    def send_auth(self, uid=0, room_id=0):
        auth_params = {
            'uid': uid,
            'roomid': room_id,
            'protover': 1,
            'platform': ' web',
            'clientver': '1.4.0'
        }
        ret = self.dataRecvws.sendBinaryMessage(self.make_packet(auth_params, Operation.AUTH))
        print(ret)

    def onConnected(self):
        #print("DataReveive websocket is already connect!")
        self.text.insertHtml("<p style='color:red;'>---------------Connect!---------------</p>")
        self.text.append('')
        self.connectStatus = True
        self.send_auth(0, self.get_room_id(int(self.room.text())))
        self.th.set_heart(self.dataRecvws, self.make_packet({}, Operation.SEND_HEARTBEAT))
        self.th.start()

    def onBinaryReceived(self, message):
        print("------------------data2----------------")
        # print(message)
        offset = 0
        while offset < len(message):
            try:
                header = HeaderTuple(*HEADER_STRUCT.unpack_from(message, offset))
            except struct.error:
                break
            if header.operation == Operation.POPULARITY:
                popularity = int.from_bytes(message[offset + HEADER_STRUCT.size:offset + HEADER_STRUCT.size + 4], 'big')
                # print('popularity',popularity)
                self.get_popularity(popularity)

            elif header.operation == Operation.COMMAND:
                body = message[offset + HEADER_STRUCT.size: offset + header.total_len]
                body = json.loads(str(body,encoding='utf-8'))
                self.handle_command(body)

            elif header.operation == Operation.RECV_HEARTBEAT:
                self.dataRecvws.sendBinaryMessage(self.make_packet({}, Operation.SEND_HEARTBEAT))
            else:
                body = message[offset + HEADER_STRUCT.size: offset + header.total_len]
                print('未知包类型：', header, body, file=sys.stderr)

            offset += header.total_len

    def set_open(self):
        if self.room.text():
            print('set Open!')
            self.dataRecvws.open(QUrl(WEBSOCKET_URL))

    def onDisconnect(self):
        #print("DataReceive websocket is disconnected!!!")
        self.text.insertHtml("<p style='color:red;'>---------------Disconnect!---------------</p>")
        self.text.append('')
        self.th.exit()
        self.reconnect()
        # self.m_timer.start(3000)

    def reconnect(self):
        self.text.insertHtml("<p style='color:red;'>---------------Reconnect!---------------</p>")
        self.text.append('')
        self.dataRecvws.abort()
        self.set_open()

    def get_popularity(self, popularity):
        print(u'人数',popularity)
        self.num.setText(str(popularity))

    def get_danmaku(self, content, user_name):
        self.text.insertHtml("<p style='color:black;'>"+'【'+user_name+'】:'+content+"</p>")
        self.text.append('')
        #self.text.append()
        #self.text.append(user_name + ':' + content)

    def handle_command(self, command):
        if isinstance(command, list):
            for one_command in command:
                self.handle_command(one_command)
            return

        cmd = command['cmd']
        # print(command)

        if cmd == 'DANMU_MSG':  # 收到弹幕
            self.get_danmaku(command['info'][1], command['info'][2][1])

        elif cmd == 'SEND_GIFT':  # 送礼物
            pass

        elif cmd == 'WELCOME':  # 欢迎
            pass

        elif cmd == 'WELCOME_GUARD':  # 欢迎房管
            pass

        elif cmd == 'SYS_MSG':  # 系统消息
            pass

        elif cmd == 'PREPARING':  # 房主准备中
            pass

        elif cmd == 'LIVE':  # 直播开始
            pass

        elif cmd == 'WISH_BOTTLE':  # 许愿瓶？
            pass

        else:
            print('未知命令：', command, file=sys.stderr)

    def make_packet(self, data, operation):
        body = json.dumps(data).encode('utf-8')
        header = HEADER_STRUCT.pack(
            HEADER_STRUCT.size + len(body),
            HEADER_STRUCT.size,
            1,
            operation,
            1
        )
        return header + body

    #request获得房间号
    def get_room_id(self, short_id=6782619):
        params = {'id': short_id}
        s = requests.Session()
        r = s.get(ROOM_INIT_URL, params=params)
        # print('r_status_code', r.status_code)
        data = r.json()
        # print("data['code']", data['code'])
        if data['code'] == 0:
            room_id = data['data']['room_id']
            print('room_id', room_id)
            return room_id


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ar = win()
    ar.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

然后是分线程device.py

#device.py
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

from PyQt5.QtCore import QThread

class heart_beat(QThread):
    def __init__(self):
        super(heart_beat, self).__init__(parent=None)
        self.dataRecvws = None
        self.heart = None
        self.stop = 0

    def run(self):
        print('start thread!')
        while self.dataRecvws and self.heart:
            self.dataRecvws.sendBinaryMessage(self.heart)
            time.sleep(30)

    def set_heart(self,rev,heart):
        self.dataRecvws = rev
        self.heart = heart

效果大概是这样的，输入房间短号后按下确定按钮开始连接。