Struts2实现登陆功能(验证码校验)
1.实验名称
熟悉Struts2核心文件
2.实验目的
(1)熟悉Struts2的配置文件web.xml和struts.xml。
(2)熟悉如何书写用户定义的控制器。
3.实验内容
实现如下页面中登陆的功能。
要求:
管理员登录后跳到管理员登陆成功的页面
普通用户登录后跳到普通用户登陆成功的页面
登录时用户名密码输入错跳到出错页
注册和登录时用户名,密码没有输入时跳到登陆页,并在登陆页上显示校验失败的相关提示
4.文件描述:
ChrUser.java:类中封装username,password,type,check等属性及其getter(),setter()方法
CreateImageAction.java:随机生成验证码的Action,其中包含图片生成过程以及设置浏览器缓存的方法。将生成的随机数放到session中,然后页面提交验证随机数。
LoginAction.java:接收登陆表单页提交的数据,以及将各类错误信息放入session
struts.xml:struts配置文件
login.jsp:登录页,包括用户名,密码,用户类型以及验证码的显示与刷新
welcome.jsp:登录用户欢迎页,可显示用户类型与用户名
5.实验源代码
- ChrUser.java
public class ChrUser {
private String username;
private String password;
private String type;
private String checkCode;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public String getCheckCode() {
return checkCode;
}
public void setCheckCode(String check) {
this.checkCode = checkCode;
}
}
- CreateImageAction.java
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class CreateImageAction extends ActionSupport{
private ByteArrayInputStream inputStream;
private static int WIDTH = 60;
private static int HEIGHT = 20;
public ByteArrayInputStream getInputStream()
{
return inputStream;
}
public void setInputStream(ByteArrayInputStream inputStream)
{
this.inputStream = inputStream;
}
private static String createRandom()
{
String str = "0123456789qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnm";
char[] rands = new char[4];
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
rands[i] = str.charAt(random.nextInt(36));
}
return new String(rands);
}
private void drawBackground(Graphics g)
{
// 画背景
g.setColor(new Color(0xDCDCDC));
g.fillRect(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
// 随机产生 120 个干扰点
for (int i = 0; i < 120; i++)
{ int x = (int) (Math.random() * WIDTH);
int y = (int) (Math.random() * HEIGHT);
int red = (int) (Math.random() * 255);
int green = (int) (Math.random() * 255);
int blue = (int) (Math.random() * 255);
g.setColor(new Color(red, green, blue));
g.drawOval(x, y, 1, 0);
}
}
private void drawRands(Graphics g, String rands)
{ g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.setFont(new Font(null, Font.ITALIC | Font.BOLD, 18));
// 在不同的高度上输出验证码的每个字符
g.drawString("" + rands.charAt(0), 1, 17);
g.drawString("" + rands.charAt(1), 16, 15);
g.drawString("" + rands.charAt(2), 31, 18);
g.drawString("" + rands.charAt(3), 46, 16);
System.out.println(rands);
}
public String execute() throws Exception
{ HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
// 设置浏览器不要缓存此图片
response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
String rands = createRandom();
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(WIDTH, HEIGHT,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
// 产生图像
drawBackground(g);
drawRands(g, rands);
// 结束图像 的绘制 过程, 完成图像
g.dispose();
ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(image, "jpeg", outputStream);
ByteArrayInputStream input = new ByteArrayInputStream(outputStream
.toByteArray());
this.setInputStream(input);
HttpSession session =ServletActionContext.getRequest().getSession();
session.setAttribute("checkCode", rands);
input.close();
outputStream.close();
return SUCCESS;
}
}
- LoginAction.java
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import nuc.sw.User.chrUser;
public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport{
private chrUser user;
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public String execute() throws Exception
{
return SUCCESS;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//接收登陆表单页提交的数据
if(username.equals("程浩然")&&password.equals("123")) {
ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("user",username);
ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("type",type);
return SUCCESS;
}
else {
ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("error","用户名或密码错误");
return ERROR;
}
}
@Override
public void validate()
{
HttpSession session = ServletActionContext.getRequest().getSession();
String checkCode2 = (String)session.getAttribute("checkCode"); if(!checkCode.equals(checkCode2)){
addFieldError(checkCode, "输入的验证码不正确,请重新输入");
}
if(user.getUsername()==null||user.getUsername().trim().equals("")){
this.addFieldError("usererror", "用户名不能为空");
}
if(user.getPassword()==null||user.getPassword().trim().equals("")){
this.addFieldError("passerror", "密码不能为空");
}
}
}
- struts.xml
<struts>
<package name="user" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="LoginAction" class="nuc.sw.action.LoginAction">
<result name="success">
/welcome.jsp
</result>
<result name="error">
/login.jsp
</result>
<result name="input">
/login.jsp
</result>
</action>
<action name="createImageAction" class="nuc.sw.action.CreateImageAction">
<result name="success" type="stream">
<param name="contentType">image/jpeg</param>
<param name="inputName">inputStream</param>
</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
- login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript">
function refresh() {
//IE存在缓存,需要new Date()实现更换路径的作用
document.getElementById("image").src="createImageAction.action?+Math.random()"+new Date();
}
</script>
<title>登录页</title>
</head>
<body>
<font color="red">${sessionScope.error}</font>
<font color="red"><s:fielderror></s:fielderror></font>
<form action="LoginAction" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
密 码:<input type="text" name="password"><br>
用户类型:<select name="type">
<option>普通用户</option>
<option>管理员</option>
</select><br>
验证码:<s:textfield name="checkCode"></s:textfield>
<img src="image" onclick="refresh" title="看不清?换一个"/><br>
<s:actionerror cssStyle="color:red"/>
<input type="submit" value="登陆">
</form>
</body>
</html>
- welcome.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>欢迎页</title>
</head>
<body>
欢迎${session.type}${session.user}登陆!
</body>
</html>