第10天ContentProvider内容提供者

A:ContentProvider

一.ContentProvider介绍：

1.ContentProvider内容提供者（四大组件之一）主要用于在不同的应用程序之间实现数据共享的功能。
2.技能get点：
（1）访问系统自带的内容提供者(******)
手机联系人/音频/视频/图库/短信/
（2）自己写内容提供者
3.注意：

二.原理图

三.获取手机中的音乐,展现在ListView中

1.读写SD卡权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

2.代码实现

（1）实体类

/***
 MediaStore.Audio.Media.TITLE,		歌名
 MediaStore.Audio.Media.ARTIST,	歌手
 MediaStore.Audio.Media.DURATION,	总时长
 MediaStore.Audio.Media.DATA,	地址
 MediaStore.Audio.Media.SIZE,  大小
 MediaStore.Audio.Media.ALBUM_ID, 专辑封面的id
 */
public class SongEntity {
    private String title;
    private String artist;
    private String duration;
    private String data;
    private String size;
    private String album;//专辑

    public SongEntity(String title, String artist, String duration, String data, String size, String album) {
        this.title = title;
        this.artist = artist;
        this.duration = duration;
        this.data = data;
        this.size = size;
        this.album = album;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }

    public String getArtist() {
        return artist;
    }

    public void setArtist(String artist) {
        this.artist = artist;
    }

    public String getDuration() {
        return duration;
    }

    public void setDuration(String duration) {
        this.duration = duration;
    }

    public String getData() {
        return data;
    }

    public void setData(String data) {
        this.data = data;
    }

    public String getSize() {
        return size;
    }

    public void setSize(String size) {
        this.size = size;
    }

    public String getAlbum() {
        return album;
    }

    public void setAlbum(String album) {
        this.album = album;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "SongEntity{" +
                "title='" + title + '\'' +
                ", artist='" + artist + '\'' +
                ", duration='" + duration + '\'' +
                ", data='" + data + '\'' +
                ", size='" + size + '\'' +
                ", album='" + album + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

（2）工具类获得

public class MusicUtils {
    /***
     * 获得手机中所有的音乐
     * @return
     */
    public static List<SongEntity> getSongs(Context context){
        List<SongEntity> list = new ArrayList<>();
        //TODO 1：获得ConetentResovler对象 context的方法
        ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();
        //TODO 2:查询
        Cursor cursor = resolver.query(MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, null, null, null, null);
        //TODO 3:获得数据
        if(cursor != null){
            while (cursor.moveToNext()){
                String title = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Audio.Media.TITLE));
                String artist = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Audio.Media.ARTIST));
                String duration = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Audio.Media.DURATION));
                String data = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Audio.Media.DATA));
                String size = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Audio.Media.SIZE));
                String album_id = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Audio.Media.ALBUM_ID));
                //根据id获得专辑的图片uri   封面字段：album_art
                Cursor cursor1 = resolver.query(Uri.parse("content://media/external/audio/albums/"+album_id),null,null,null,null);
                if(cursor1 != null){
                    while (cursor1.moveToNext()){
                        String album = cursor1.getString(cursor1.getColumnIndex("album_art"));
                        list.add(new SongEntity(title,artist,duration,data,size,album));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        cursor.close();//关闭游标
        return list;

    }
}

3.播放音乐

/***
 * contentprovider:内容提供者
 */
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private ListView listView;
    private SongAdapter songAdapter;
    private List<SongEntity> list;

    private MediaPlayer mediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();//音乐/视频

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M){
            requestPermissions(new String[]{
                    "android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE",
                    "android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"

            },101);
        }
    }
    //播放音乐
    public void play(int position){
        if(mediaPlayer != null){
            try {
                mediaPlayer.reset();//重置资源
                mediaPlayer.setDataSource(list.get(position).getData());//设置媒体资源
                mediaPlayer.prepareAsync();//异步准备
                mediaPlayer.setOnPreparedListener(new MediaPlayer.OnPreparedListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onPrepared(MediaPlayer mp) {
                        mediaPlayer.start();//播放
                    }
                });//准备完成 播放
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if(requestCode == 101){
            int grantResult = grantResults[0];
            if(grantResult == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){//权限收于成功
                listView = findViewById(R.id.lv);
                list = MusicUtils.getSongs(this);
                songAdapter = new SongAdapter(list,this);
                listView.setAdapter(songAdapter);
                //设置item的点击
                listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
                        play(position);
                    }
                });

            }
        }
    }
}

四.获取手机联系人,展现在ListView中

1.添加获取手机联系人的权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS"/>

2.添加获取手机联系人的权限

 //获取手机联系人
    public void click1(View view) {
        //TODO 1:获得ContentResolver
        ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();
        //TODO 2:确定uri和要查询的字段
        Uri uri= ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI;
        String[] strs={ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.DISPLAY_NAME,ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER};
        //TODO 3:执行查询并将结果遍历展现在ListView中和存储到本地的数据库中
        Cursor cursor=resolver.query(uri,strs,null,null,null);
        ArrayList<Phone> list=new ArrayList<>();
        while(cursor.moveToNext()){
            String name=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.DISPLAY_NAME));
            String number=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER));
            list.add(new Phone(name,number));
            //将每条记录存储到自己的数据库中
        }
        //将list集合中的数据展现在ListView中，此处省略
    }
    class Phone{
        private String name;
        private String number;

        public Phone(String name, String number) {
            this.name = name;
            this.number = number;
        }

        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }

        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public String getNumber() {
            return number;
        }

        public void setNumber(String number) {
            this.number = number;
        }
    }

五.获取手机短信

（1）添加获取手机短信的权限

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />

（2）获得短信内容，展现在ListView中 并将信息存储到数据库中
uri：Telephony.Sms.CONTENT_URI
字段：Telephony.Sms.ADDRESS 地址 Telephony.Sms.BODY 内容

//获取短信
    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
    public void click2(View view) {
        ContentResolver resolver = getContentResolver();
        Uri uri= Telephony.Sms.CONTENT_URI;
        String[] strs={Telephony.Sms.BODY,Telephony.Sms.ADDRESS};
        Cursor cursor=resolver.query(uri,strs,null,null,null);
        //第一种ListView 中  第二种 ：存到数据库
        ArrayList<Msm> list=new ArrayList<>();
        while(cursor.moveToNext()){
            String address=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Telephony.Sms.ADDRESS));
            String body=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Telephony.Sms.BODY));
            list.add(new Msm(address,body));
            //执行insert语句
        }

    }
    class Msm{
        private String address;
        private String body;

        public Msm(String address, String body) {
            this.address = address;
            this.body = body;
        }

        public String getAddress() {
            return address;
        }

        public void setAddress(String address) {
            this.address = address;
        }

        public String getBody() {
            return body;
        }

        public void setBody(String body) {
            this.body = body;
        }
    }

四.获取手机所有的图片/视频

五.获得手机通话记录

。。。。