今天从文献中了解到的Python中有用的库

今天从文献中了解到的有用库

目录

PyTorch Geometric

NetworkX

METIS

Sparse Matrices(scipy.sparse)

Tqdm

Texttable

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PyTorch Geometric

PyTorch Geometric (PyG) is a geometric deep learning extension library for PyTorch.It consists of various methods for deep learning on graphs and other irregular structures, also known as geometric deep learning, from a variety of published papers. In addition, it consists of an easy-to-use mini-batch loader for many small and single giant graphs, multi gpu-support, a large number of common benchmark datasets (based on simple interfaces to create your own), and helpful transforms, both for learning on arbitrary graphs as well as on 3D meshes or point clouds.Many methods are currently implemented:

For example, implement a edge convlutional layer:

import torch
from torch.nn import Sequential as Seq, Linear as Lin, ReLU
from torch_geometric.nn import MessagePassing

class EdgeConv(MessagePassing):
    def __init__(self, F_in, F_out):
        super(EdgeConv, self).__init__(aggr='max')  # "Max" aggregation.
        self.mlp = Seq(Lin(2 * F_in, F_out), ReLU(), Lin(F_out, F_out))

    def forward(self, x, edge_index):
        # x has shape [N, F_in]
        # edge_index has shape [2, E]
        return self.propagate(edge_index, x=x)  # shape [N, F_out]

    def message(self, x_i, x_j):
        # x_i has shape [E, F_in]
        # x_j has shape [E, F_in]
        edge_features = torch.cat([x_i, x_j - x_i], dim=1)  # shape [E, 2 * F_in]
        return self.mlp(edge_features)  # shape [E, F_out]

NetworkX

NetworkX is a Python package for the creation, manipulation, and study of the structure, dynamics, and functions of complex networks. Simple example: Find the shortest path between two nodes in an undirected graph:  

>>> import networkx as nx
>>> G = nx.Graph()
>>> G.add_edge('A', 'B', weight=4)
>>> G.add_edge('B', 'D', weight=2)
>>> G.add_edge('A', 'C', weight=3)
>>> G.add_edge('C', 'D', weight=4)
>>> nx.shortest_path(G, 'A', 'D', weight='weight')
    
['A', 'B', 'D']

METIS

rapper for the METIS library for partitioning graphs (and other stuff).This library is unrelated to PyMetis, except that they wrap the same library.PyMetis is a Boost Python extension, while this library is pure python and willrun under PyPy and interpreters with similarly compatible ctypes libraries.

NetworkX_ is recommended for representing graphs for use with this wrapper,but it isn't required. Simple adjacency lists are supported as well.

The function of primary interest in this module is :func:`part_graph`.Other objects in the module may be of interest to those looking tomangle their graph datastructures into the required format. Examples of this include the :func:`networkx_to_metis` and :func:`adjlist_to_metis` functions.

Sparse Matrices(scipy.sparse)

scipy包下包含许多数学计算优化的函数，官方的scipy.sparse解释是：SciPy 2-D sparse matrix package for numeric data.（处理数值型数据的二维稀疏矩阵），功能。

Tqdm

Tqdm 是一个快速，可扩展的Python进度条。在 Python 长循环中添加一个进度提示信息，用户只需要封装任意的迭代器 tqdm(iterator)。

Texttable

Python module for creating simple ASCII tables. Example:

        table = Texttable()
        table.set_cols_align(["l", "r", "c"])
        table.set_cols_valign(["t", "m", "b"])
        table.add_rows([["Name", "Age", "Nickname"],
                        ["Mr\nXavier\nHuon", 32, "Xav'"],
                        ["Mr\nBaptiste\nClement", 1, "Baby"],
                        ["Mme\nLouise\nBourgeau", 28, "Lou\n\nLoue"]])
        print table.draw() + "\n"

        table = Texttable()
        table.set_deco(Texttable.HEADER)
        table.set_cols_dtype(['t',  # text
                              'f',  # float (decimal)
                              'e',  # float (exponent)
                              'i',  # integer
                              'a']) # automatic
        table.set_cols_align(["l", "r", "r", "r", "l"])
        table.add_rows([["text",    "float", "exp", "int", "auto"],
                        ["abcd",    "67",    654,   89,    128.001],
                        ["efghijk", 67.5434, .654,  89.6,  12800000000000000000000.00023],
                        ["lmn",     5e-78,   5e-78, 89.4,  .000000000000128],
                        ["opqrstu", .023,    5e+78, 92.,   12800000000000000000000]])
        print table.draw()

    Result:

        +----------+-----+----------+
        |   Name   | Age | Nickname |
        +==========+=====+==========+
        | Mr       |     |          |
        | Xavier   |  32 |          |
        | Huon     |     |   Xav'   |
        +----------+-----+----------+
        | Mr       |     |          |
        | Baptiste |   1 |          |
        | Clement  |     |   Baby   |
        +----------+-----+----------+
        | Mme      |     |   Lou    |
        | Louise   |  28 |          |
        | Bourgeau |     |   Loue   |
        +----------+-----+----------+

         text     float       exp      int     auto
        ==============================================
        abcd      67.000   6.540e+02    89   128.001
        efghijk   67.543   6.540e-01    90   1.280e+22
        lmn        0.000   5.000e-78    89   0.000
        opqrstu    0.023   5.000e+78    92   1.280e+22

引用：官方和CTOLib