设正实数 a 、 b 、 c a、b、c a、b、c 满足 a b + b c + c a = 1 3 . ab+bc+ca=\frac13. ab+bc+ca=31. 证明:
a a 2 − b c + 1 + b b 2 − a c + 1 + c c 2 − a b + 1 ≥ 1 a + b + c \frac a{a^2-bc+1}+\frac b{b^2-ac+1}+\frac c{c^2-ab+1}\geq\frac1{a+b+c} a2−bc+1a+b2−ac+1b+c2−ab+1c≥a+b+c1
证明
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等式右边的分母显然为正数.
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由柯西不等式得
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\frac a{a^2-bc+1}+\frac b{b^2-ac+1}+\frac c{c^2-ab+1}=\frac{a^2}{a^3-abc+a}+\frac{b^2}{b^3-abc+b}+\frac{c^2}{c^3-abc+c}
a2−bc+1a+b2−ac+1b+c2−ab+1c=a3−abc+aa2+b3−abc+bb2+c3−abc+cc2
\qquad ≥ ( a + b + c ) 2 a 3 + b 3 + c 3 + a + b + c − 3 a b c = ( a + b + c ) 2 ( a + b + c ) ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 − a b − b c − c a ) + ( a + b + c ) \geq\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3+a+b+c-3abc}=\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca)+(a+b+c)} ≥a3+b3+c3+a+b+c−3abc(a+b+c)2=(a+b+c)(a2+b2+c2−ab−bc−ca)+(a+b+c)(a+b+c)2
\qquad = a + b + c a 2 + b 2 + c 2 − a b − b c − c a + 1 = a + b + c a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2 ( a b + b c + c a ) = 1 a + b + c . =\frac{a+b+c}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca+1}=\frac{a+b+c}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2(ab+bc+ca)}=\frac1{a+b+c}. =a2+b2+c2−ab−bc−ca+1a+b+c=a2+b2+c2+2(ab+bc+ca)a+b+c=a+b+c1.
\qquad 命题得证.