转自:http://blog.csdn.net/u011475210
编 者:WordZzzz
一、Python2.x中raw_input( )和input( )函数
老规矩,本渣渣先贴出help信息,再进行讲解。
在Python2.x中raw_input( )和input( ),两个函数都存在,其中区别为:
>>> help(raw_input)
Help on built-in function raw_input in module __builtin__:
raw_input(...)
raw_input([prompt]) -> string
Read a string from standard input. The trailing newline is stripped.
If the user hits EOF (Unix: Ctl-D, Windows: Ctl-Z+Return), raise EOFError.
On Unix, GNU readline is used if enabled. The prompt string, if given,
is printed without a trailing newline before reading.
raw_input( )—将所有输入作为字符串看待,返回字符串类型
>>> help(input)
Help on built-in function input in module __builtin__:
input(...)
input([prompt]) -> value
Equivalent to eval(raw_input(prompt)).
input( )—–只能接收“数字”的输入,在对待纯数字输入时具有自己的特性,它返回所输入的数字的类型( int, float )
example:
>>> user=raw_input("please input:")
please input:wei # raw_input输入 字符串 成功
>>> user
'wei'
>>> user=input("please input:")
please input:123 # input 输入 数字 成功(返回的是数字)
>>> user
123
>>> user=raw_input("please input:")
please input:111 # raw_input 输入 数字 成功(返回的还是当成字符串)
>>> user
'111'
>>> user=input("please input:")
please input:wei # input 输入字符串 失败
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
File "<string>", line 0, in ?
NameError: name 'wei' is not defined
二、python3.x中的input( )函数
在python3.x中raw_input( )和input( )进行了整合,去除了raw_input( ),仅保留了input( )函数,其接收任意任性输入,将所有输入默认为字符串处理,并返回字符串类型。
>>> help(input)
Help on built-in function input in module builtins:
input(prompt=None, /)
Read a string from standard input. The trailing newline is stripped.
The prompt string, if given, is printed to standard output without a
trailing newline before reading input.
If the user hits EOF (*nix: Ctrl-D, Windows: Ctrl-Z+Return), raise EOFError.
On *nix systems, readline is used if available.
example:
>>> user=raw_input("please input:") #没有了raw_input
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'raw_input' is not defined
>>> user=input("please input:")
please input:wei
>>> user
'wei'
>>> user=input("please input:") #input的输出结果都是作为字符串
please input:123
>>> user
'123'