AbstractQueuedSynchronizer AQS 队列同步器

AQS使用了一个int成员变量来表示同步状态，通过内置的FIFO队列来完成资源的获取

一、同步状态

    /**
     * The synchronization state.
     */
    private volatile int state;

（1.6后新加入了变种的同步队列器主要区别在与同步状态long表示）

维护了以下三种方式访问state

getState()

setState(int newState) 

compareAndSetState(int expect, int update)

二、同步队列

    static final class Node {
        /** Marker to indicate a node is waiting in shared mode */
        static final Node SHARED = new Node();
        /** Marker to indicate a node is waiting in exclusive mode */
        static final Node EXCLUSIVE = null;

        /** waitStatus value to indicate thread has cancelled */
        static final int CANCELLED =  1;
        /** waitStatus value to indicate successor's thread needs unparking */
        static final int SIGNAL    = -1;
        /** waitStatus value to indicate thread is waiting on condition */
        static final int CONDITION = -2;
        ...
    }

一个双向的FIFO队列

当前线程获取同步状态失败时，会将当前线程以及其它等待信息封装成一个Node节点，将其加入同步队列，同时阻塞当前线程，-