Java的高并发编程系列（七） ThreadLocal线程局部变量和线程安全的单例模式

ThreadLocal线程局部变量

public class ThreadLocal1 {

    volatile static Person p = new Person();

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            System.out.println(p.name);
        }).start();

        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            p.name = "lisi";
        }).start();
    }
}

class Person{
    String name = "zhangsan";
}

ThreadLocal是使用空间换时间，synchronized是使用时间换空间，比如在hibernate中session就存在与ThreadLocal中，避免synchronized的使用。

public class ThreadLocal2 {

    /*volatile static Person p = new Person();*/
    private static ThreadLocal<Person1> tl = new ThreadLocal<>();

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            System.out.println(tl.get());
        }).start();

        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            tl.set(new Person1());
        }).start();
    }
}

class Person1 {
    String name = "zhangsan";
}

ThreadLocal只对当前线程范围有效。

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线程安全的单例模式：
阅读文章：http://www.cnblogs.com/xudong-bupt/p/3433643.html
更好的是采用下面的方式，既不用加锁，也能实现懒加载

public class Singleton {

    private Singleton(){
        System.out.println("single");
    }

    private static class Inner{
        private static Singleton s = new Singleton();
    }

    public static Singleton getSingleton(){
        return Inner.s;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread[] ths = new Thread[200];
        for(int i=0; i<ths.length; i++) {
            ths[i] = new Thread(()->{
                Singleton.getSingleton();
            });
        }

        Arrays.asList(ths).forEach(o->o.start());
    }
}