Hystrix之四种触发fallback情况

使用Hystrix时，下面的情况会触发fallback：

非HystrixBadRequestException异常：当抛出HystrixBadRequestException时，调用程序可以捕获异常，此时不会触发fallback，而其他异常则会触发fallback，调用程序将获得fallback逻辑的返回结果。
run()/construct()运行超时：执行命令的方法超时，将会触发fallback。
熔断器开启：当熔断器处于开启的状态，将会触发fallback。
线程池/信号量已满：当线程池/信号量已满的状态，将会触发fallback。
下面对这四种情况做简单的验证
首先导入Maven依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

在主程序类中添加@EnableHystrix注解

package com.hlh.hystrixtest;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.EnableHystrix;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableHystrix
public class HystrixtestApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(HystrixtestApplication.class, args);
    }
}

1、验证异常触发fallback

package com.hlh.hystrixtest.degrade.command;

import com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommand;
import com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommandGroupKey;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * 异常降级
 * 非HystrixBadRequestException异常：当抛出HystrixBadRequestException时，
 * 调用程序可以捕获异常，此时不会触发fallback，而其他异常则会触发fallback，
 * 调用程序将获得fallback逻辑的返回结果。
 */
public class HelloWorldExceptionCommand extends HystrixCommand<String> {
    private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloWorldExceptionCommand.class);

    private final int n;

    public HelloWorldExceptionCommand(int n) {
        // 最小配置,指定groupKey
        super(Setter.withGroupKey(HystrixCommandGroupKey.Factory.asKey("helloWorldExceptionGroup")));
        this.n = n;
    }

    @Override
    protected String run() throws Exception {
        logger.info(n + "-HelloWorldExceptionCommand A--> " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        // 制造异常
        int i = 1 / n;
        // 如果此处异常被捕获，将不会进入getFallback()
        /*
        try {
            int i = 1 / n;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("异常:" + e.getMessage());
        }
        */
        logger.info(n + "-HelloWorldExceptionCommand B--> " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        return n + "执行成功";
    }

    @Override
    protected String getFallback() {
        logger.error(n + "-异常降级! C--> " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        return n + "执行失败";
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        for (int i = 0; i < Integer.MAX_VALUE; i++) {
            if (i == 3) {
                i = 0;
            }
            HelloWorldExceptionCommand command = new HelloWorldExceptionCommand(i);
            logger.info(command.execute());

            Thread.sleep(1000);
        }
    }
}

执行结果如下：

16:41:22.493 [hystrix-helloWorldExceptionGroup-1] INFO com.hlh.hystrixtest.degrade.command.HelloWorldExceptionCommand - 0-HelloWorldExceptionCommand A--> hystrix-helloWorldExceptionGroup-1
16:41:22.496 [hystrix-helloWorldExceptionGroup-1] DEBUG com.netflix.hystrix.AbstractCommand - Error executing HystrixCommand.run(). Proceeding to fallback logic ...
java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
	at com.hlh.hystrixtest.degrade.command.HelloWorldExceptionCommand.run(HelloWorldExceptionCommand.java:29)
	at com.hlh.hystrixtest.degrade.command.HelloWorldExceptionCommand.run(HelloWorldExceptionCommand.java:14)
	at com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommand$2.call(HystrixCommand.java:302)
	at com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommand$2.call(HystrixCommand.java:298)
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDefer.call(OnSubscribeDefer.java:46)
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDefer.call(OnSubscribeDefer.java:35)
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48)
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30)
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48)
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30)
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48)
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30)
	at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10327)
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDefer.call(OnSubscribeDefer.java:51)
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDefer.call(OnSubscribeDefer.java:35)
	at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10327)
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach.call(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:41)
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach.call(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:30)
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48)
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30)
	at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10327)
	at rx.internal.operators.OperatorSubscribeOn$SubscribeOnSubscriber.call(OperatorSubscribeOn.java:100)
	at com.netflix.hystrix.strategy.concurrency.HystrixContexSchedulerAction$1.call(HystrixContexSchedulerAction.java:56)
	at com.netflix.hystrix.strategy.concurrency.HystrixContexSchedulerAction$1.call(HystrixContexSchedulerAction.java:47)
	at com.netflix.hystrix.strategy.concurrency.HystrixContexSchedulerAction.call(HystrixContexSchedulerAction.java:69)
	at rx.internal.schedulers.ScheduledAction.run(ScheduledAction.java:55)
	at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
16:41:22.500 [hystrix-helloWorldExceptionGroup-1] ERROR com.hlh.hystrixtest.degrade.command.HelloWorldExceptionCommand - 0-异常降级! C--> hystrix-helloWorldExceptionGroup-1
16:41:22.504 [main] INFO com.hlh.hystrixtest.degrade.command.HelloWorldExceptionCommand - 0执行失败
16:41:23.505 [hystrix-helloWorldExceptionGroup-2] INFO com.hlh.hystrixtest.degrade.command.HelloWorldExceptionCommand - 1-HelloWorldExceptionCommand A--> hystrix-helloWorldExceptionGroup-2
16:41:23.505 [hystrix-helloWorldExceptionGroup-2] INFO com.hlh.hystrixtest.degrade.command.HelloWorldExceptionCommand - 1-HelloWorldExceptionCommand B--> hystrix-helloWorldExceptionGroup-2
16:41:23.506 [main] INFO com.hlh.hystrixtest.degrade.command.HelloWorldExceptionCommand - 1执行成功
16:41:24.508 [hystrix-helloWorldExceptionGroup-3] INFO com.hlh.hystrixtest.degrade.command.HelloWorldExceptionCommand - 2-HelloWorldExceptionCommand A--> hystrix-helloWorldExceptionGroup-3
16:41:24.508 [hystrix-helloWorldExceptionGroup-3] INFO com.hlh.hystrixtest.degrade.command.HelloWorldExceptionCommand - 2-HelloWorldExceptionCommand B--> hystrix-helloWorldExceptionGroup-3
16:41:24.508 [main] INFO com.hlh.hystrixtest.degrade.command.HelloWorldExceptionCommand - 2执行成功

2、验证超时触发fallback

package com.hlh.hystrixtest.degrade.command;

import com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommand;
import com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommandGroupKey;
import com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommandProperties;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * 超时降级
 * **run()/construct()运行超时：执行命令的方法超时，将会触发fallback。
 */
public class HelloWorldTimeoutCommand extends HystrixCommand<String> {
    private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloWorldTimeoutCommand.class);

    private final int n;

    public HelloWorldTimeoutCommand(int n) {
        super(Setter.withGroupKey(HystrixCommandGroupKey.Factory.asKey("helloWorldTimeoutGroup"))
                .andCommandPropertiesDefaults(HystrixCommandProperties.Setter()
                        /*