Java网络编程_基本网络支持（三）

如何向Web站点发送GET请求，POST请求，并从Web站点获取响应

public class GetPostTest {

    /*
     * 向指定URL发送GET方式的请求
     * @param url发送请求的URL
     * @param param请求参数，格式满足namel=value&name2=value2的形式
     * @return URL代表远程资源的响应
     */
    public static String sendGet(String url, String param){

        String result = "";
        String urlName = url + "?" + param;
        try{
            URL realUrl = new URL(urlName);
            //打开和URL之间的连接
            URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();
            //设置通用的请求属性
            conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
            conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
            conn.setRequestProperty("user-ageent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0"
                    + "; Windows NT 5.1; SV1)");
            //建立实际的连接
            conn.connect();
            //获取所有的响应头字段
            Map<String, List<String>> map = conn.getHeaderFields();
            //遍历所有的响应头字段
            for(String key : map.keySet()){
                System.out.println(key + "--->" + map.keySet());
            }
            try(
                //定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
                BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(
                        new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "utf-8")))
                {
                    String line;
                    while((line = in.readLine()) != null ){
                        result += "\n" + line;
                    }
                }
            }catch (Exception e){
                System.out.println("发送GET请求出现异常！" + e);
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        return result;
    }
    /*
     * 向指定URL发送POST方式的请求
     * @param url发送请求的URL
     * @param param请求参数，格式满足namel=value&name2=value2的形式
     * @return URL代表远程资源的响应
     */
    public static String sendPost(String url, String param){

        String result = "";
        try{
            URL realUrl = new URL(url);
            //打开和URL之间的连接
            URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();
            //设置通用的请求属性
            conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
            conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
            conn.setRequestProperty("user-ageent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0"
                    + "; Windows NT 5.1; SV1)");
            //发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
            conn.setDoOutput(true);
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            try(
                //获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
                PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream()))
            {
                //发送请求参数
                out.print(param);
                //flush输出流的缓冲
                out.flush();
            }
            try(
                //定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应  
                BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                        conn.getInputStream(), "utf-8")))
            {
                String line;
                while((line = in.readLine()) != null){
                    result += "\n" + line;
                }
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            System.out.println("发送POST请求出现异常！" + e);
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }
    //提供主方法，测试发送GET请求和POST请求
    public static void main(String[] args){
        //发送GET请求
        String s = GetPostTest.sendGet("http://localhost:8080/lab1_3_1/index.jsp", null);
        System.out.println(s);
        //发送POST请求
        String s1 = GetPostTest.sendPost("http://localhost:8080/lab1_3_1/index.jsp",
                "name=carzyit.org&pass=leegang");
        System.out.println(s1);
    }
}