Java基础——Arrays

Arrays是什么？

Arrays是用于操作数组的工具类

拷贝

System.arraycopy

从原数组的srcPos位置开始，依次拷贝length个元素到目标数组的destPos位置，其为native方法

public static native void arraycopy(Object src,  int  srcPos,Object dest, int destPos,int length);

copyOf

copyOf共有10个重载方法，其中8个方法针对基本数据类型数组，另外2个针对引用数据类型数组

• 下面只举例了byte[]和2个引用数据类型的方法，其他方法都类似，具体为
• 创建指定类型的数组
• 调用System.arraycopy()拷贝

public static byte[] copyOf(byte[] original, int newLength) {
    byte[] copy = new byte[newLength];
    System.arraycopy(original, 0, copy, 0, Math.min(original.length, newLength));
    return copy;
}

public static <T> T[] copyOf(T[] original, int newLength) {
    return (T[]) copyOf(original, newLength, original.getClass());
}

public static <T,U> T[] copyOf(U[] original, int newLength, Class<? extends T[]> newType) {
    T[] copy = ((Object)newType == (Object)Object[].class)
        ? (T[]) new Object[newLength]
        : (T[]) Array.newInstance(newType.getComponentType(), newLength);
    System.arraycopy(original, 0, copy, 0,Math.min(original.length, newLength));
    return copy;
}

copyOf是深拷贝还是浅拷贝？

• 对于基本数据类型和final修饰的引用数据类型为深拷贝
• 对于非final修饰的引用数据类型为浅拷贝
• 以下为验证过程

情况1

对于int，如下打印，说明新旧数组不会互相影响

• before change, array = [1, 2, 3]
• before change, copyArray = [1, 2, 3]
• after change, array = [1, 2, 3]
• after change, copyArray = [4, 2, 3]

int[] array = {1, 2, 3};
int[] copyArray = Arrays.copyOf(array, array.length);
System.out.println("before change, array = " + Arrays.toString(array));
System.out.println("before change, copyArray = " + Arrays.toString(copyArray));

copyArray[0] = 4;
System.out.println("after change, array = " + Arrays.toString(array));
System.out.println("after change, copyArray = " + Arrays.toString(copyArray));

对于String，如下打印，说明新旧数组不会互相影响

• before change, array = [1, 2, 3]
• before change, copyArray = [1, 2, 3]
• after change, array = [1, 2, 3]
• after change, copyArray = [4, 2, 3]

String[] array = {"1", "2", "3"};
String[] copyArray = Arrays.copyOf(array, array.length);
System.out.println("before change, array = " + Arrays.toString(array));
System.out.println("before change, copyArray = " + Arrays.toString(copyArray));

copyArray[0] = "4";
System.out.println("after change, array = " + Arrays.toString(array));
System.out.println("after change, copyArray = " + Arrays.toString(copyArray));

情况2

对于Person类

class Person {
    public int age;
    public Person(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return age + "";
    }
}

如下打印（copyArray[0].age = 4），说明只拷贝了引用地址，未拷贝其内部数据地址

• before change, array = [1, 2, 3]
• before change, copyArray = [1, 2, 3]
• after change, array = [4, 2, 3]
• after change, copyArray = [4, 2, 3]

Person[] array = {new Person(1), new Person(2), new Person(3)};
Person[] copyArray = Arrays.copyOf(array, array.length);
System.out.println("before change, array = " + Arrays.toString(array));
System.out.println("before change, copyArray = " + Arrays.toString(copyArray));

copyArray[0].age = 4;
System.out.println("after change, array = " + Arrays.toString(array));
System.out.println("after change, copyArray = " + Arrays.toString(copyArray));

但对于如下打印（copyArray[0] = new Person(4)）

• before change, array = [1, 2, 3]
• before change, copyArray = [1, 2, 3]
• after change, array = [1, 2, 3]
• after change, copyArray = [4, 2, 3]

Person[] array = {new Person(1), new Person(2), new Person(3)};
Person[] copyArray = Arrays.copyOf(array, array.length);
System.out.println("before change, array = " + Arrays.toString(array));
System.out.println("before change, copyArray = " + Arrays.toString(copyArray));

copyArray[0] = new Person(4);
System.out.println("after change, array = " + Arrays.toString(array));
System.out.println("after change, copyArray = " + Arrays.toString(copyArray));