GDAL读取tif图片完成像素-经纬度的变换

原理：

        TIF文件中包含像素点--WGS84坐标系的转换关系，以此可以换算到GPS坐标。

安装GDAL库：

        pip install osgeo

demo:

from osgeo import gdal

def uv2gps(u,v,raster):
    dataset = gdal.Open(raster)
    transform = dataset.GetGeoTransform()
    x_origin = transform[0]
    y_origin = transform[3]
    pixel_w = transform[1]
    pixel_h = transform[5]

    lat = x_origin + u * pixel_w
    lon = y_origin + v * pixel_h

    target = osr.SpatialReference()
    target.ImportFromEPSG(4326)

    transform = osr.CoordinateTransformation(dataset.GetSpatialRef(), target)
    lat, lon, _ = transform.TransformPoint(lat, lon, 0.0)

    return lat, lon


def gps2uv(lat, lon, raster):
    dataset = gdal.Open(raster)

    if dataset is None:
        print("Error: cannot open the raster dataset!")

    target_srs = osr.SpatialReference()
    target_srs.ImportFromEPSG(4326)

    transform = osr.CoordinateTransformation(target_srs, dataset.GetSpatialRef())
    raster_lat, raster_lon, _ = transform.TransformPoint(lat, lon, 0.0)
    geotransform = dataset.GetGeoTransform()

    u = int((raster_lat - geotransform[0]) / geotransform[1])
    v = int((raster_lon - geotransform[3]) / geotransform[5])

    return u, v

if __name__ == "__main__":
    u = 
    v = 
    lat = 
    lon = 

    ## 验证像素与GPS的对应关系
    raster = "path to tif"
    gps = uv2gps(u, v, raster)
    u, v = gps2uv(lat, lon, raster)
    print(gps)
    print(u, v)

注意：该代码只能读取包含地理信息的文件，倘若图片文件（比如JPG图片）中不包含像素到WGS84坐标系的转换，则无法使用改代码读取