linux安装mysql

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-13 17:09:48 发布

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分类专栏：环境搭建文章标签： linux mysql

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35618489/article/details/88032356

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linux下面安装mysql数据库，

1.mysql数据库下载

下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads

终端输入命令：

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2.安装mysql数据库

解压数据库安装包

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

mv mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/wjx/mysql-5.7.25

将解压好的数据库移到 /usr/local/wjx/mysql-5.7.25 目录下

创建用户组

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

创建完成之后查看

cat /etc/group

翻到最下面

输入如下命令

初始化数据库配置

###创建 data 数据库存放目录
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# mkdir data
###给当前穿创建的用户 mysql 赋权限
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# chown -R mysql:mysql ./
###初始化数据库位置和数据库的data目录
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/wjx/mysql-5.7.25/ --datadir=/usr/local/wjx/mysql-5.7.25/data/
###给予root权限
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# chown -R root .
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# ls data/
auto.cnf  ib_buffer_pool  ibdata1  ib_logfile0  ib_logfile1  mysql  performance_schema  sys
###mysql用户只需作为mysql-5.7.25/data/目录下所有文件的所有者
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# chown -R mysql data
###复制启动文件
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
###给启动文件赋予权限
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# cp /usr/local/wjx/mysql-5.7.25/bin/my_print_defaults /usr/bin/

配置my.cnf

如果 /usr/local/wjx/mysql-5.7.25/support-files 目录下有my-default.cnf，则执行以下命令：

cp -a /usr/local/wjx/mysql-5.7.25/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

如果没有，则直接创建。

vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
###设置字符编码
character_set_server=utf8

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

###数据库的位置
basedir=/usr/local/wjx/mysql-5.7.25

###数据库的data目录
datadir=/usr/local/wjx/mysql-5.7.25/data

###加上 skip-grant-tables 用户不需要验证密码
##skip-grant-tables

修改环境变量

[root@localhost support-files]# vim /etc/profile
[root@localhost support-files]# source /etc/profile

修改内容是：

#mysql
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/wjx/mysql-5.7.25/bin

启动服务

service mysqld start

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

连接数据库报错：Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

解决办法：

修改 vim /etc/my.cnf ，加上 skip-grant-tables

重启数据库。连接之后进行修改密码

###新版本5.7之后是 authentication_string 字段表示密码

update user set authentication_string=password("123") where user='root';

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.25 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> update user set authentication_string=password("123") where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 1

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# vim /etc/my.cnf 
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# service mysqld start

修改完成之后刷新 flush privileges; 再将 /etc/my.conf 里面加的 skip-grant-tables 给注释或者删除

继续连接

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.25

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> use mysql
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> exit
Bye

出现了：ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.这个错误

意思是修改了密码还没进行重置。

输入 SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123'); 或者 ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY '123';

mysql> use mysql
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> use mysql;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> exit
Bye

现在可以选择数据库了。