Java网络编程

IP

		//得到ip的两种方式
		InetAddress ip = InetAddress.getByName("燕子-M4A27I2");
		InetAddress ip = InetAddress.getByName("192.168.169.1");

通信协议（UDP和TCP）

UDP协议

直接发送消息，不管对方是否接收。
发送快，但不稳定

单向发送信息

发送端代码

package com.yanzi.chapter2;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Demo2_UDP_Send {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
		while(true) {
			String str = s.nextLine();
			if(str.equals("end")) break;
			DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket();
			
			byte[] buf=str.getBytes();
			int length = buf.length;
			InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
			int port = 7878;	
			DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(buf,length,address,port);
			
			ds.send(dp);
		}		
		//ds.close();
	}
}

接收端代码

package com.yanzi.chapter2;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;

public class Demo03_UDP_Receive {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket(7878);
		while(true) {
			byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
			int length=buf.length;
			DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(buf, length);
			
			ds.receive(dp);
			
			String str = new String(dp.getData(),0,dp.getLength());
			//接收端的一些信息
			System.out.println("发送端的IP地址："+dp.getAddress()+":"+str);
		}
		//ds.close();
	}
}

双向发送信息

发送线程

package com.yanzi.chapter2;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class SendThread extends Thread {
	
	private int port;
	public SendThread(int port) {
		this.port = port;
	}
	@Override
	public void run() {
		DatagramSocket ds=null;		
		try {
			Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
			ds=new DatagramSocket();
			while(true) {
				String str = s.nextLine();
				if(str.equals("end")) break;
				
				byte[] buf=str.getBytes();
				int length = buf.length;
				InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");	
				DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(buf,length,address,port);
				
				ds.send(dp);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			if(ds!=null)
				ds.close();
		}
	}
}

接收线程

package com.yanzi.chapter2;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;

public class ReceiveThread extends Thread {
	
	private int port;
	public ReceiveThread(int port) {
		this.port = port;
	}
	@Override
	public void run() {
		DatagramSocket ds =null;
		try {
			ds=new DatagramSocket(port);
			while(true) {
				byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
				int length=buf.length;
				DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(buf, length);
				
				ds.receive(dp);
				
				String str = new String(dp.getData(),0,dp.getLength());
				//接收端的一些信息
				System.out.println("发送端的IP地址："+dp.getAddress()+":"+str);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			if(ds!=null)
				ds.close();
		}
	}	
}

用户1和用户2

package com.yanzi.chapter2;

public class Demo04_Chat_User01 {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//给用户1一个发送端
		new SendThread(7878).start();
		//给用户1一个接收端
		new ReceiveThread(7879).start();
	}
}

package com.yanzi.chapter2;

public class Demo05_Chat_User02 {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//给用户2一个接收端
		new ReceiveThread(7878).start();
		//给用户2一个发送端
		new SendThread(7879).start();
	}
}

TCP协议

使用三次握手建立连接，再进行通信。
比较慢，但是比较可靠。

单向发送数据

发送端

package com.yanzi.chapter2;

import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Demo06_TCP_Send {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		Socket s = new Socket("127.0.0.1",7878);//指定ip port建立连接
		
		OutputStream output = s.getOutputStream();
		Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
		while(true) {
			String str = scanner.nextLine();
			if(str.equals("end"))break;
			output.write(str.getBytes());
		}		
		s.close();
	}
}

接收端

package com.yanzi.chapter2;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Demo07_TCP_Receive {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(7878);
		Socket client = ss.accept();//接收，建立跟发送端的连接
		
		InputStream input = client.getInputStream();
		
		byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
		int length = -1;
		//发送端调用close()，才会返回-1
		while((length=input.read(buf))!=-1) {
			System.out.println(new String(buf,0,length));
		}
		client.close();
		ss.close();
	}
}

TCP双向聊天

package com.yanzi.chapter2;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Demo06_TCP_Send {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		Socket s = new Socket("127.0.0.1",7878);//指定ip port建立连接
		
		InputStream input = s.getInputStream();
		OutputStream output = s.getOutputStream();
		
		//创建一个线程用来输入
		Thread t = new Thread() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				int length=-1;
				byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
				try {
					while(true){
						if(s.isClosed())break;
						length=input.read(buf);
						if(length==-1)break;
						System.out.println(new String(buf,0,length));
					}
				} catch (Exception e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		};
		t.setDaemon(true);
		t.start();		
		
		Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
		while(true) {
			String str = scanner.nextLine();
			if(str.equals("end"))break;
			output.write(str.getBytes());
		}		
		s.close();
	}
}

package com.yanzi.chapter2;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Demo07_TCP_Receive {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(7878);
		Socket client = ss.accept();//接收，建立跟发送端的连接
		
		InputStream input = client.getInputStream();
		OutputStream output = client.getOutputStream();
		
		new Thread() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
				while(true) {
					if(client.isClosed())break;
					String str = scanner.nextLine();
					if(str.equals("end")) break;
					try {
						output.write(str.getBytes());
					} catch (IOException e) {
						// TODO Auto-generated catch block
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
				}			
			}
		}.start();
		
		byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
		int length = -1;
		while((length=input.read(buf))!=-1) {
			System.out.println(new String(buf,0,length));
		}
		client.close();
		ss.close();
	}
}