单线程下StringBuffer与StringBuilder

单线程下对StringBuffer与StringBuilde执行多次 append()以测试性能：

public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.gc();
    long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    long startMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory();
    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
    // StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
      sb.append(":" + i);
    }
    long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    long endMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory();
    System.out.println("Time Taken:" + (endTime - startTime));
    System.out.println("Memory used:" + (startMemory - endMemory));
  }

Time Taken

Value of i	1000	10000	100000	1000000	10000000
StringBuffer	2	11	54	117	1276
StringBuilder	2	13	39	104	729

Memory used

Value of i	1000	10000	100000	1000000	10000000
StringBuffer	671112	2013312	15862896	19028992	74403720
StringBuilder	671112	2684504	15192000	19004952	76290056

测试结果显示，在单线程环境下，StringBuilder也 比 StringBuffer 性能更好，这可能是用synchronized加锁的原因
看两者的源码，toString方法除了加锁外还有其他不同：
StringBuilder：

  @Override
    public String toString() {
        // Create a copy, don't share the array
        return new String(value, 0, count);
    }

StringBuffer：

 @Override
    public synchronized String toString() {
        if (toStringCache == null) {
            toStringCache = Arrays.copyOfRange(value, 0, count);
        }
        return new String(toStringCache, true);
    }

待后续验证