java并发(七):同步容器和集合类并发容器(J.U.C)

1. Collections.synchronizedList

利用同步容器Collections.synchronizedList来将一个线程不安全的类转化成为一个线程安全的集合。线程同步容器都是通过sychronized方式实现的。

@Slf4j
@ThreadSafe
public class CollectionsExample1 {

    // 请求总数
    public static int clientTotal = 5000;

    // 同时并发执行的线程数
    public static int threadTotal = 200;

    private static List<Integer> list = Collections.synchronizedList(Lists.newArrayList());

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        final Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(threadTotal);
        final CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(clientTotal);
        for (int i = 0; i < clientTotal; i++) {
            final int count = i;
            executorService.execute(() -> {
                try {
                    semaphore.acquire();
                    update(count);
                    semaphore.release();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    log.error("exception", e);
                }
                countDownLatch.countDown();
            });
        }
        countDownLatch.await();
        executorService.shutdown();
        log.info("size:{}", list.size());
    }

    private static void update(int i) {
        list.add(i);
    }
}

结果：

2.CopyOnWriteArrayList

CopyOnWriteArrayList这种属于并发类容器。也是线程安全的。

package com.qianliu.concurrency.example.concurrent;


import com.qianliu.concurrency.annoations.ThreadSafe;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;

@Slf4j
@ThreadSafe
public class CopyOnWriteArrayListExample {

    // 请求总数
    public static int clientTotal = 5000;

    // 同时并发执行的线程数
    public static int threadTotal = 200;

    private static List<Integer> list = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        final Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(threadTotal);
        final CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(clientTotal);
        for (int i = 0; i < clientTotal; i++) {
            final int count = i;
            executorService.execute(() -> {
                try {
                    semaphore.acquire();
                    update(count);
                    semaphore.release();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    log.error("exception", e);
                }
                countDownLatch.countDown();
            });
        }
        countDownLatch.await();
        executorService.shutdown();
        log.info("size:{}", list.size());
    }

    private static void update(int i) {
        list.add(i);
    }
}

结果：

add实现：(见注释)

public boolean add(E e) {
        final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
        lock.lock();//加锁
        try {
            Object[] elements = getArray();
            int len = elements.length;
            Object[] newElements = Arrays.copyOf(elements, len + 1);//将数组拷贝一份
            newElements[len] = e;//修改其中的元素
            setArray(newElements);//修改数组指针指向新地址
            return true;
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();//释放锁
        }
    }