Unity3D中的地形转成模型

Unity3D中的地形转成模型

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2016.08.17 17:02* 字数 569 阅读 5029评论 0喜欢 9

Unity3D中的地形转成模型

起因

为什么要把地形转成模型呢？在Unity3D中创建地形很方便，用它自带的地形编辑工具，各种跌宕起伏的地形都能很容易的创建出来。但是也有一些不方便的地方，比如创建好的地形不能整体缩放，只能通过修改长宽等参数进行调整。偏偏就有这样的需求，我们要把地形放到虚拟研讨厅的桌子上当做数字沙盘去展示。如果把地形对象的长宽高都缩小的话，高度图也要缩小，地形效果就太不好了。如果地形对象能像模型对象一样，随意的缩放就好了。

解决方法

终于在网上找到了解决方法，有大神贡献了一个脚本，能够把地形对象转换成模型对象，模型格式为obj，可以直接导入到Unity3D中使用。

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEditor;
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.IO;using System.Text;
 
enum SaveFormat { Triangles, Quads }
enum SaveResolution { Full=0, Half, Quarter, Eighth, Sixteenth }
 
class ExportTerrain : EditorWindow
{
   SaveFormat saveFormat = SaveFormat.Triangles;
   SaveResolution saveResolution = SaveResolution.Half;
 
   static TerrainData terrain;
   static Vector3 terrainPos;
 
   int tCount;
   int counter;
   int totalCount;
   int progressUpdateInterval = 10000;
 
   [MenuItem("Terrain/Export To Obj...")]
   static void Init()
   {
      terrain = null;
      Terrain terrainObject = Selection.activeObject as Terrain;
      if (!terrainObject)
      {
         terrainObject = Terrain.activeTerrain;
      }
      if (terrainObject)
      {
         terrain = terrainObject.terrainData;
         terrainPos = terrainObject.transform.position;
      }
 
      EditorWindow.GetWindow<ExportTerrain>().Show();
   }
 
   void OnGUI()
   {
      if (!terrain)
      {
         GUILayout.Label("No terrain found");
         if (GUILayout.Button("Cancel"))
         {
            EditorWindow.GetWindow<ExportTerrain>().Close();
         }
         return;
      }
      saveFormat = (SaveFormat) EditorGUILayout.EnumPopup("Export Format", saveFormat);
 
      saveResolution = (SaveResolution) EditorGUILayout.EnumPopup("Resolution", saveResolution);
 
      if (GUILayout.Button("Export"))
      {
         Export();
      }
   }
 
   void Export()
   {
      string fileName = EditorUtility.SaveFilePanel("Export .obj file", "", "Terrain", "obj");
      int w = terrain.heightmapWidth;
      int h = terrain.heightmapHeight;
      Vector3 meshScale = terrain.size;
      int tRes = (int)Mathf.Pow(2, (int)saveResolution );
      meshScale = new Vector3(meshScale.x / (w - 1) * tRes, meshScale.y, meshScale.z / (h - 1) * tRes);
      Vector2 uvScale = new Vector2(1.0f / (w - 1), 1.0f / (h - 1));
      float[,] tData = terrain.GetHeights(0, 0, w, h);
 
      w = (w - 1) / tRes + 1;
      h = (h - 1) / tRes + 1;
      Vector3[] tVertices = new Vector3[w * h];
      Vector2[] tUV = new Vector2[w * h];
 
      int[] tPolys;
 
      if (saveFormat == SaveFormat.Triangles)
      {
         tPolys = new int[(w - 1) * (h - 1) * 6];
      }
      else
      {
         tPolys = new int[(w - 1) * (h - 1) * 4];
      }
 
      // Build vertices and UVs
      for (int y = 0; y < h; y++)
      {
         for (int x = 0; x < w; x++)
         {
            tVertices[y * w + x] = Vector3.Scale(meshScale, new Vector3(-y, tData[x * tRes, y * tRes], x)) + terrainPos;
            tUV[y * w + x] = Vector2.Scale( new Vector2(x * tRes, y * tRes), uvScale);
         }
      }
 
      int  index = 0;
      if (saveFormat == SaveFormat.Triangles)
      {
         // Build triangle indices: 3 indices into vertex array for each triangle
         for (int y = 0; y < h - 1; y++)
         {
            for (int x = 0; x < w - 1; x++)
            {
               // For each grid cell output two triangles
               tPolys[index++] = (y * w) + x;
               tPolys[index++] = ((y + 1) * w) + x;
               tPolys[index++] = (y * w) + x + 1;
 
               tPolys[index++] = ((y + 1) * w) + x;
               tPolys[index++] = ((y + 1) * w) + x + 1;
               tPolys[index++] = (y * w) + x + 1;
            }
         }
      }
      else
      {
         // Build quad indices: 4 indices into vertex array for each quad
         for (int y = 0; y < h - 1; y++)
         {
            for (int x = 0; x < w - 1; x++)
            {
               // For each grid cell output one quad
               tPolys[index++] = (y * w) + x;
               tPolys[index++] = ((y + 1) * w) + x;
               tPolys[index++] = ((y + 1) * w) + x + 1;
               tPolys[index++] = (y * w) + x + 1;
            }
         }
      }
 
      // Export to .obj
      StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fileName);
      try
      {
 
         sw.WriteLine("# Unity terrain OBJ File");
 
         // Write vertices
         System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("en-US");
         counter = tCount = 0;
         totalCount = (tVertices.Length * 2 + (saveFormat == SaveFormat.Triangles ? tPolys.Length / 3 : tPolys.Length / 4)) / progressUpdateInterval;
         for (int i = 0; i < tVertices.Length; i++)
         {
            UpdateProgress();
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("v ", 20);
            // StringBuilder stuff is done this way because it's faster than using the "{0} {1} {2}"etc. format
            // Which is important when you're exporting huge terrains.
            sb.Append(tVertices[i].x.ToString()).Append(" ").
               Append(tVertices[i].y.ToString()).Append(" ").
               Append(tVertices[i].z.ToString());
            sw.WriteLine(sb);
         }
         // Write UVs
         for (int i = 0; i < tUV.Length; i++)
         {
            UpdateProgress();
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("vt ", 22);
            sb.Append(tUV[i].x.ToString()).Append(" ").
               Append(tUV[i].y.ToString());
            sw.WriteLine(sb);
         }
         if (saveFormat == SaveFormat.Triangles)
         {
            // Write triangles
            for (int i = 0; i < tPolys.Length; i += 3)
            {
               UpdateProgress();
               StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("f ", 43);
               sb.Append(tPolys[i] + 1).Append("/").Append(tPolys[i] + 1).Append(" ").
                  Append(tPolys[i + 1] + 1).Append("/").Append(tPolys[i + 1] + 1).Append(" ").
                  Append(tPolys[i + 2] + 1).Append("/").Append(tPolys[i + 2] + 1);
               sw.WriteLine(sb);
            }
         }
         else
         {
            // Write quads
            for (int i = 0; i < tPolys.Length; i += 4)
            {
               UpdateProgress();
               StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("f ", 57);
               sb.Append(tPolys[i] + 1).Append("/").Append(tPolys[i] + 1).Append(" ").
                  Append(tPolys[i + 1] + 1).Append("/").Append(tPolys[i + 1] + 1).Append(" ").
                  Append(tPolys[i + 2] + 1).Append("/").Append(tPolys[i + 2] + 1).Append(" ").
                  Append(tPolys[i + 3] + 1).Append("/").Append(tPolys[i + 3] + 1);
               sw.WriteLine(sb);
            }
         }
      }
      catch(Exception err)
      {
         Debug.Log("Error saving file: " + err.Message);
      }
      sw.Close();
 
      terrain = null;
      EditorUtility.DisplayProgressBar("Saving file to disc.", "This might take a while...", 1f);
      EditorWindow.GetWindow<ExportTerrain>().Close();      
      EditorUtility.ClearProgressBar();
   }
 
   void UpdateProgress()
   {
      if (counter++ == progressUpdateInterval)
      {
         counter = 0;
         EditorUtility.DisplayProgressBar("Saving...", "", Mathf.InverseLerp(0, totalCount, ++tCount));
      }
   }
}

使用方法

给脚本命名为ExportTerrain.cs。
这个脚本文件一定要放到工程中Assets文件夹下面的Editor文件夹中（没有的话自己创建）才能正常工作。
完成前两步之后，unity菜单项会多出一个Terrain/Export To Obj...的菜单(4.3以前的版本本来就有Terrain菜单，只是多了个子菜单；4.3版本里面默认没有Terrain菜单了)。

terrain-menu

 

选择场景要转成模型的地形对象。如果什么都没选的话，会使用默认的active terrain。

然后选择Terrain/Export To Obj...菜单，弹出下面的对话框，选择导出格式（triangles or quads）、Mesh分辨率（full, half, quarter, eighth or sixteenth）、文件名和路径，然后点击Export。

terrain-expoty

 

等待进度条跑完之后就OK了，obj文件就导出成功了。

See Also

和地形转模型的方法相反的一个操作，还有模型转地形的方法，类似的也是有脚本完成的，感兴趣可以参考Object2Terrain[2].

参考

http://wiki.unity3d.com/index.php?title=TerrainObjExporter
http://wiki.unity3d.com/index.php?title=Object2Terrain