Python中logging日志的用法

例1：logging.FileHandler()和logging.StreamHandler()

import logging
import os

# 路径获取
root = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
# log_path = os.path.join(root, "example.log")
# name = "example.log"

debug = False
# when debug is true, show DEBUG and INFO in screen
# when debug is false, show DEBUG in file and info in both screen&file
# INFO will always be in screen
# create a logger
logger = logging.getLogger()        # logging.FileHandler()处再设置文件位置和文件名
# critical > error > warning > info > debug > notset
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)  # level=logging.DEBUG 表明所有>= DEBUG 这个level的都会被输出

# define the formate
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s: %(message)s', "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
# create another handler for output log to console
console_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
if debug:
    console_handler.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
else:
    console_handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
# create a handler for write log to file
logfile = os.path.join(root, 'run.log')
print('Creat Log File in: ', logfile)
file_handler = logging.FileHandler(logfile, mode='w')
file_handler.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
file_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
console_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
# add Handler to logger
logger.addHandler(console_handler)
logger.addHandler(file_handler)

# test
logger.debug('this is a {} debug message'.format(1))
logger.info('this is an info message')
logger.debug('this is a debug message')
logger.info('this is an info message')
logger.debug('this is a debug message')
logger.info('this is an info message')

功能：直接看代码理解的更快，以上代码主要实现：同时在控制台和日志文件输出日志内容，并根据不同的日志等级输出日志。若debug为False，则在控制台只输出debug级别的日志，日志文件中输出debug和info级别的日志；若debug为True，则控制台和日志文件均输出debug和info级别的日志。因此，若想控制台输出和日志文件的输出保持一致，设置debug即可。ps:仔细看代码的注释，理解起来很容易的。

代码运行结果：

console：

log file ：

封装版：

# logger.py

import os
import logging
from datetime import datetime


def get_logger(root, name=None, debug=True):
    # when debug is true, show DEBUG and INFO in screen
    # when debug is false, show DEBUG in file and info in both screen&file
    # INFO will always be in screen
    # create a logger
    logger = logging.getLogger(name)
    # critical > error > warning > info > debug > notset
    logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

    # define the formate
    formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s: %(message)s', "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
    # create another handler for output log to console
    console_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
    if debug:
        console_handler.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    else:
        console_handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
    # create a handler for write log to file
    logfile = os.path.join(root, 'run.log')
    print('Creat Log File in: ', logfile)
    file_handler = logging.FileHandler(logfile, mode='w')
    file_handler.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    file_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
    console_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
    # add Handler to logger
    logger.addHandler(console_handler)
    logger.addHandler(file_handler)
    return logger

# mian.py

import os
import logger

root = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
dataset = "log"
log_path = os.path.join(root, dataset)
if not os.path.isdir(log_path):
    os.makedirs(log_path, exist_ok=True)
logger = logger.get_logger(log_path,'run.txt')
logger.debug("this is test")

---

例2:简单版

from loguru import logger

logger.add("log/file_{time}.log", level="TRACE", rotation="100 MB")
logger.info("test")

结果：

控制台

日志文件

参考：

loguru.logger — loguru documentation