数字排列
输入一组数字(可能包含重复数字),输出其所有的排列方式。
样例
输入:[1,2,3]
输出:
[
[1,2,3],
[1,3,2],
[2,1,3],
[2,3,1],
[3,1,2],
[3,2,1]
]
回溯
时间复杂度O(n!)
class Solution {
public List<List<Integer>> permutation(int[] nums) {
List<List<Integer>> list = new ArrayList<>();
Arrays.sort(nums);
backtrack(list, new ArrayList<>(), nums, new boolean[nums.length]);
return list;
}
private void backtrack(List<List<Integer>> list, List<Integer> tempList, int [] nums, boolean [] used){
if(tempList.size() == nums.length){
list.add(new ArrayList<>(tempList));
} else{
for(int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++){
if(used[i] || i > 0 && nums[i] == nums[i-1] && !used[i - 1]) continue;
used[i] = true;
tempList.add(nums[i]);
backtrack(list, tempList, nums, used);
used[i] = false;
tempList.remove(tempList.size() - 1);
}
}
}
}