原型模式以及浅拷贝和深拷贝

如果有需求要多次创建同一个类，可以多new几个对象。但这样势必会使代码繁琐臃肿，拓展性也不会好。
这个时候需要一种解决方案让我们创建多个类的过程变得简单，原型模式就应运而生。

原型模式之浅拷贝

//克隆羊类
public class Sheep implements Cloneable {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String color;
    private Sheep friend;

    public Sheep(String name, Integer age, String color, Sheep friend) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.color = color;
        this.friend = friend;
    }

    public Sheep getFriend() {
        return friend;
    }

    public void setFriend(Sheep friend) {
        this.friend = friend;
    }

    public Sheep(String name, Integer age, String color) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.color = color;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getColor() {
        return color;
    }

    public void setColor(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }

/*    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Sheep{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", color='" + color + '\'' +
                '}';
    }*/

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Sheep{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", color='" + color + '\'' +
                ", friend=" + friend +
                '}';
    }

    @Override
    protected Object clone() {
        Sheep sheep = null;
        try {
            sheep = (Sheep) super.clone();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e);
        }
        return sheep;
    }
}


import com.teasir.prototype.improve.Sheep;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Sheep sheep = new Sheep("多莉", 6, "白色");
        sheep.setFriend(new Sheep("汤姆", 5, "黑色"));
        Sheep sheep1 = (Sheep) sheep.clone();
        Sheep sheep2 = (Sheep) sheep.clone();
        Sheep sheep3 = (Sheep) sheep.clone();
        Sheep sheep4 = (Sheep) sheep.clone();
        Sheep sheep5 = (Sheep) sheep.clone();
        System.out.println(sheep);
        System.out.println(sheep1+"拷贝friend地址："+sheep1.getFriend().hashCode());
        System.out.println(sheep2+"拷贝friend地址："+sheep2.getFriend().hashCode());
        System.out.println(sheep3+"拷贝friend地址："+sheep3.getFriend().hashCode());
        System.out.println(sheep4+"拷贝friend地址："+sheep4.getFriend().hashCode());
        System.out.println(sheep5+"拷贝friend地址："+sheep5.getFriend().hashCode());
    }
    /*
    * 总结：原型模式解决克隆羊问题，比直接new更具拓展性
    * 实现Cloneable接口，重新其中的clone方法
    *
    * spring创建原型bean的时候用到了原型模式(scope)
    *
    * clone方法实现的就是浅拷贝
    * 浅拷贝定义：基本数据类型直接进行值传递，引用数据类型直接传递引用的地址
    * 深拷贝定义：基本数据类型直接进行值传递，引用数据类型要对整个对象进行拷贝。
    * */
}

原型模式之深拷贝

//克隆羊
import java.io.*;

public class Sheep implements Cloneable, Serializable {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String color;
    private Sheep friend;

    public Sheep() {
    }

    public Sheep(String name, Integer age, String color, Sheep friend) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.color = color;
        this.friend = friend;
    }

    public Sheep getFriend() {
        return friend;
    }

    public void setFriend(Sheep friend) {
        this.friend = friend;
    }

    public Sheep(String name, Integer age, String color) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.color = color;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getColor() {
        return color;
    }

    public void setColor(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }

/*    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Sheep{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", color='" + color + '\'' +
                '}';
    }*/

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Sheep{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", color='" + color + '\'' +
                ", friend=" + friend +
                '}';
    }

    /*
     * 深拷贝方案一：clone
     * */
    @Override
    protected Object clone() {
        Sheep sheep = null;
        try {
            sheep = (Sheep) super.clone();
            sheep.friend = (Sheep) friend.clone();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e);
        }
        return sheep;
    }

    /*
     * 深拷贝方案二：序列化
     * */
    public Object dpClone() {
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = null;
        ObjectOutputStream oos = null;
        ByteArrayInputStream bis = null;
        ObjectInputStream ois = null;
        try {
            //对象序列化
            bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
            oos.writeObject(this);
            //反序列化
            bis=new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
            ois=new ObjectInputStream(bis);
            Sheep copyObj=(Sheep) ois.readObject();
            return copyObj;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }finally {
            try {
                ois.close();
                bis.close();
                oos.close();
                bos.close();
            }catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }
}



public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Sheep sheep = new Sheep("多莉", 6, "白色");
        sheep.setFriend(new Sheep("汤姆", 5, "黑色"));
/*        Sheep sheep1 = (Sheep) sheep.clone();
        Sheep sheep2 = (Sheep) sheep.clone();
        Sheep sheep3 = (Sheep) sheep.clone();
        System.out.println(sheep);
        System.out.println(sheep1+"拷贝friend地址："+sheep1.getFriend().hashCode());
        System.out.println(sheep2+"拷贝friend地址："+sheep2.getFriend().hashCode());
        System.out.println(sheep3+"拷贝friend地址："+sheep3.getFriend().hashCode());*/
        Sheep sheep1 = (Sheep) sheep.dpClone();
        Sheep sheep2 = (Sheep) sheep.dpClone();
        Sheep sheep3 = (Sheep) sheep.dpClone();
        System.out.println(sheep);
        System.out.println(sheep1+"拷贝friend地址："+sheep1.getFriend().hashCode());
        System.out.println(sheep2+"拷贝friend地址："+sheep2.getFriend().hashCode());
        System.out.println(sheep3+"拷贝friend地址："+sheep3.getFriend().hashCode());

    }
    /*
    * 总结：深拷贝实现的两种方式：
    * 1.单独对引用对象进行clone
    * 2.使用对象序列化的方式借流先将类输出再输入获得对象（推荐）
    * */
}