Mockito测试静态方法

书接上回：

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36110736/article/details/107897223

        在单元测试中非常有可能会遇到一些静态方法，由于静态方法无法被实例对象所调用所以我们通过 mock 的方式也无法直接测试静态方法，此时就需要 PowerMock 的方式来测试静态方法。

第一步 添加依赖：

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
            <artifactId>powermock-module-junit4</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.3</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
            <artifactId>powermock-api-mockito</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.3</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

准备工作，在被测试类中添加一个静态方法

 public static UserLogin loginStatic(){
        return null;
    }

第二步：

1. 修改 @RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class) 
2. 添加@PrepareForTest({StaticTest.class})
3. 使用PowerMockito.mockStatic(StaticTest.class);

package com.example.demo.staticmethod;

import com.example.demo.dao.LoginDao;
import com.example.demo.po.UserLogin;
import jdk.internal.dynalink.beans.StaticClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito;
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest;
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner;

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest({LoginDao.class})
public class StaticTest {

    private UserLogin userLogin = new UserLogin();
    @Test
    public void staticTest(){
        PowerMockito.mockStatic(LoginDao.class);
        PowerMockito.when(LoginDao.loginStatic()).thenReturn(userLogin);
        System.out.println("==================");
        System.out.println(LoginDao.loginStatic());
        System.out.println("==================");
    }
}

测试结果：

 

注意：

        在初次测试中抛出了如下异常

org.mockito.exceptions.misusing.MissingMethodInvocationException: 
when() requires an argument which has to be 'a method call on a mock'.
For example:
    when(mock.getArticles()).thenReturn(articles);

Also, this error might show up because:
1. you stub either of: final/private/equals()/hashCode() methods.
   Those methods *cannot* be stubbed/verified.
   Mocking methods declared on non-public parent classes is not supported.
2. inside when() you don't call method on mock but on some other object.

        一般来说这是由于依赖的版本冲突导致的，同时由于我的项目时Spring Boot项目，已经默认导入了spring-boot-starter-test模块，里面也集成了JUnit 和Mockito，将他注释掉，其他测试类会报错，重新引入就可以。

<!--        <dependency>-->
<!--            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>-->
<!--            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>-->
<!--            <scope>test</scope>-->
<!--            <exclusions>-->
<!--                <exclusion>-->
<!--                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>-->
<!--                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>-->
<!--                </exclusion>-->
<!--            </exclusions>-->
<!--        </dependency>-->

参考：

https://blog.csdn.net/dengqunhua/article/details/84901914

https://www.it1352.com/984614.html

https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000019000146?utm_source=tag-newest

https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/ask/176584/answer/280595