python修复pip管理器

有时候，升级pip之后就会造成pip模块损坏，如：

C:\Users\刘某>pip install --upgrade pip
Looking in indexes: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
Collecting pip
  Downloading https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/47/ca/f0d790b6e18b3a6f3bd5e80c2ee4edbb5807286c21cdd0862ca933f751dd/pip-21.1.3-py3-none-any.whl (1.5 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 1.5 MB 1.1 MB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
  Attempting uninstall: pip
    Found existing installation: pip 20.1.1
    Uninstalling pip-20.1.1:
ERROR: Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError: [WinError 5] 拒绝访问。: 'd:\\program files (x86)\\python38-32\\scripts\\pip.exe'
Consider using the `--user` option or check the permissions.

这是因为权限原因导致只卸载了旧版pip而未成功执行新版pip的安装，最终导致pip的损坏，这时候就需要修复了，修复方法如下：

修复方法

python -m ensurepip 

python -m pip install --upgrade pip

修复演示

C:\Users\刘某>python -m ensurepip
Looking in links: c:\Users\刘某\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpbptab868
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in d:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\site-packages (47.1.0)
Processing c:\users\刘某\appdata\local\temp\tmpbptab868\pip-20.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: pip
Successfully installed pip-20.1.1

C:\Users\刘某>python -m pip install --upgrade pip
Looking in indexes: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
Collecting pip
  Using cached https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/47/ca/f0d790b6e18b3a6f3bd5e80c2ee4edbb5807286c21cdd0862ca933f751dd/pip-21.1.3-py3-none-any.whl (1.5 MB)
Installing collected packages: pip
  Attempting uninstall: pip
    Found existing installation: pip 20.1.1
    Uninstalling pip-20.1.1:
      Successfully uninstalled pip-20.1.1
Successfully installed pip-21.1.3

C:\Users\刘某>python -m pip install xlrd3
WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\site-packages)
WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\site-packages)
Looking in indexes: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
Collecting xlrd3
  Downloading https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/5d/08/fce745025e58f160e7dcb5a45d4d43eb0bd44c0d8851425be87ef90271fa/xlrd3-1.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (105 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 105 kB 1.1 MB/s
WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\site-packages)
Installing collected packages: xlrd3
WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\site-packages)
Successfully installed xlrd3-1.1.0
WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\site-packages)
WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ip (d:\program files (x86)\python38-32\lib\site-packages)

C:\Users\刘某>