GRE数学惯用表达

“读懂题”≠“翻译题”

拆解成惯用表达

1. 表达式关系
2. 数量表述

表达式关系

1. 倍数
2. 比例
3. 百分数

倍数表达

A is n times B. A是B的n倍

A is more than n times B. A比B的n倍要多 A>nB

A is less than n times B. A比B的n倍要少 A<nB

e.g.

There are more than twice as many employees in Department X as in Department Y.

意思是 X>2Y，注意这里的twice修饰的是Y

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There are A n times as many as B.

There are n times A as many as B.

There are n times as many A as B.

以上三句话表达的一个意思： A=nB。

☆ ☆ ☆ 先出现的量A写在等号的左边，后出现的量等号右边，然后写上符号=，以及倍数。 ☆ ☆ ☆

e.g.

An empty bus starts out and makes two stops, picking up three times the number of students at the second stop as at the first stop, and the bus is then filled to seating capacity.

第二站人数=3*第一站人数

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ratio

the ratio of A to B. (A:B)

在这种表达中，很容易出现长难句。如果看到这种ratio句式，则直接去找句子中的"to",to前后为比较的两个量

e.g.

The ratio of the number of dogs to the number of cates at the kennel is 3 to 2.

狗：猫=3：2

e.g.

What is the ratio of the number of people in group 2 with the ailment sneezing and itchy eyes to the total number of people in both groups with the ailment sneezing and itchy eyes?

Proportion

A is directly proportional to B. A=kB.

A is inversely proportional to B. A*B=K.

e.g.

A certain company has found that (the number of labor hours required to produce x items)( A) is directly proportional to (the square root of x)( B).

A=kB -> t=k*根号x

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Percentage

A is what percent of B? ( A/B)*100%

A is 50% more than B. A=(1+50%)B

A is what percent greater than B? [ (A-B)/B]*100% 第二行的逆变换

e.g.

The number of stocks that closed at a higher price today than yesterday was 20 percent greater than the number that closed at a lower price.

股市收盘价，今天比昨天高的价的量为A，今天比昨天低的量为B，A=(1+20%)B 。

e.g.

(The percent increase in the pay of Megalomania's CEO from 1990 to 2000 )was what percent greater than (the percent decrease in the hourly pay of Megalomania's factory workers over the same period )?

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数量表达短语

the number of...

the value of... (注意和第一个区分)

the percent increase/decrease...