类型转换规则(均以补码形式运算):
当赋值运算符两侧的数据类型不同时,需进行类型转,系统会自动进行转换。
1、float、double型赋给int型:直接截断小数。
2、int、char型赋给float、double型:补足有效位。
3、char型赋给int型:数值赋给int型的低8位,其他位补0。
4、long long型赋给int型:截断低位给int型。
5、int型赋给long long型:赋给long long型的低32位,如果int型最高位是0,则long long型的高32位全为0,否则全为1。
(补码运算)
6、unsigned int型赋给int型:直接传送数值。
7、非unsigned int型赋值给位数相同的unsigned int型:直接传送数值。
类型转换规则个人理解:
1、低->高 补足
2、高->低 截取
3、float->整形 去掉小数位
4、具体整数 视作 int
5、(long long)int+int 第1个int强制转换成long long,第2个仍是int,然后两者加起来。如果后面的int运算时超过int,则需要截取。
仔细研究下面的两段代码,仔细体会类型转换规则:
代码一:
#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<cmath>
using namespace std;
char a;
int b;
long long c;
float d;
double e;
unsigned int g;
int main(){
// 1<<40的值为1099511627776
a='0';
b=4;
b=b+a;
printf("int+char->int %d\n",b);
c=(1<<50)+(1<<10);
b=c;
printf("long long->int %d\n",b);
b=-(1<<10);
c=b;
printf("int->long long %lld\n",c);
d=1234.567891234;
b=d;
printf("float->int %d\n",b);
b=1234;
d=b;
printf("int->float %f\n",d);
c=(1<<20)*(1<<20);
printf("int*int->long long %lld\n",c);
c=(long long)(1<<20)*(1<<20);
printf("(long long)int*int->long long %lld\n",c);
c=(1<<20)*(1<<20)+(long long)(1<<20)*(1<<20);
printf("int*int+(long long)int*int->long long %lld\n",c);
c=(long long)(1<<20)*(1<<20)+(1<<20)*(1<<20);
printf("(long long)int*int+int*int->long long %lld\n",c);
c=(1<<20)*(1<<20)*(long long)(1<<20)*(1<<20);
printf("int*int*(long long)int*int->long long %lld\n",c);
e=pow(2,40);
printf("double->long long %lld\n",e);
c=1048576*1048576;//提示:1048576当作int型
printf("%lld\n",c);
c=(long long)1048576*1048576;
printf("%lld\n",c);
c=1<<40;//提示:虽然1<<40超过int,当仍当作int型
printf("%lld\n",c);
b=-1;
g=b;
printf("int->unsigned int %u\n",g);
return 0;
}
代码二:
#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<cmath>
using namespace std;
int main(){
for(int i=0;i<=40;i++)
printf("1<<%d= %d, %lld, %lld\n",i,1<<i,1<<i,(long long)1<<i);
return 0;
}