FFmpeg源码分析：avformat_open_input

avformat_open_input（），该函数用于打开多媒体数据并且获取一些信息，它的声明位于libavformat/avformat.h：

/**
 * Open an input stream and read the header. The codecs are not opened.
 * 打开输入流，并且读取header。codecs不会被打开。
 * The stream must be closed with avformat_close_input().
 * 输入流必须用avformat_close_input()来关闭
 *
 * @param ps Pointer to user-supplied AVFormatContext (allocated by avformat_alloc_context).
 *           May be a pointer to NULL, in which case an AVFormatContext is allocated by this
 *           function and written into ps.
 *           Note that a user-supplied AVFormatContext will be freed on failure.
 * 
 *
 * @param url URL of the stream to open.
 * @param fmt If non-NULL, this parameter forces a specific input format.
 *            Otherwise the format is autodetected.
 * @param options  A dictionary filled with AVFormatContext and demuxer-private options.
 *                 On return this parameter will be destroyed and replaced with a dict containing
 *                 options that were not found. May be NULL.
 *
 * @return 0 on success, a negative AVERROR on failure.
 *
 * @note If you want to use custom IO, preallocate the format context and set its pb field.
 */
int avformat_open_input(AVFormatContext **ps, const char *url, AVInputFormat *fmt, AVDictionary **options);

它的定义在libavformat/utils.c中：

int avformat_open_input(AVFormatContext **ps, const char *filename,
                        AVInputFormat *fmt, AVDictionary **options)
{
   
    AVFormatContext *s = *ps;
    int i, ret = 0;
    AVDictionary *tmp = NULL;
    ID3v2ExtraMeta *id3v2_extra_meta = NULL;

    if (!s && !(s = avformat_alloc_context())) //如果s没有初始化，先初始化s
        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
    if (!s->av_class) {
   
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Input context has not been properly allocated by avformat_alloc_context() and is not NULL either\n");
        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
    }
    if (fmt)
        s->iformat = fmt;

    if (options)
        av_dict_copy(&tmp, *options, 0);

    if (s->pb) // must be before any goto fail
        s->flags |= AVFMT_FLAG_CUSTOM_IO;

    if ((ret = av_opt_set_dict(s, &tmp)) < 0)
        goto fail;

    if (!(s->url = av_strdup(filename ? filename : ""))) {
   
        ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
        goto fail;
    }

#if FF_API_FORMAT_FILENAME
FF_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
    av_strlcpy(s->filename, filename ? filename : "", sizeof(s->filename));
FF_ENABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
#endif
	//	1. 重点在看这里：
    if ((ret = init_input(s, filename, &tmp)) < 0)
        goto fail;
    s->probe_score = ret;

    if (!s->protocol_whitelist && s->pb && s->pb->protocol_whitelist) {
   
        s->protocol_whitelist = av_strdup(s->pb->protocol_whitelist);
        if (!s->protocol_whitelist) {
   
            ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
            goto fail;
        }
    }

    if (!s->protocol_blacklist && s->pb && s->pb->protocol_blacklist) {
   
        s->protocol_blacklist = av_strdup(s->pb->protocol_blacklist);
        if (!s->protocol_blacklist) {
   
            ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
            goto fail;
        }
    }

    if (s->format_whitelist && av_match_list(s->iformat->name, s->format_whitelist, ',') <= 0) {
   
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Format not on whitelist \'%s\'\n", s->format_whitelist);
        ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
        goto fail;
    }

    avio_skip(s->pb, s->skip_initial_bytes);

    /* Check filename in case an image number is expected. */
    if (s->iformat->flags & AVFMT_NEEDNUMBER) {
   
        if (!av_filename_number_test(filename)) {
   
            ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
            goto fail;
        }
    }

    s->duration = s->start_time = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;

    /* Allocate private data. */
    if (s->iformat->priv_data_size > 0) {
   
        if (!(s->priv_data = av_mallocz(s->iformat->priv_data_size))) {
   
            ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
            goto fail;
        }
        if (s->iformat->priv_class) {
   
            *(const AVClass **) s->priv_data = s->iformat->priv_class;
            av_opt_set_defaults(s->priv_data);
            if ((ret = av_opt_set_dict(s->priv_data, &tmp)) < 0)
                goto fail;
        }
    }

    /* e.g. AVFMT_NOFILE formats will not have a AVIOContext */
    if (s->pb)
        ff_id3v2_read_dict(s->pb, &s->internal->id3v2_meta, ID3v2_DEFAULT_MAGIC, &id3v2_extra_meta);


    if (!(s->flags&AVFMT_FLAG_PRIV_OPT) && s->iformat->read_header)
    //重点2
        if ((ret = s->iformat->read_header(s)) < 0)
            goto fail;

    if (!s->metadata) {
   
        s->metadata = s->internal->id3v2_meta;
        s->internal->id3v2_meta = NULL;