从零开始搞懂Android网络请求——异步加载ListView

实现思路:

1. 自定义AsyncTask类，重写onPreExecute()、doInBackground()、 onPostExecute()三个方法。
2. 网络请求数据
3. 自定义接受数据的类
4. 绑定listview与数据

请求的数据:

{
status: 1,
data: [
{
id: 1,
name: "如何学好Android——第1章"
},
{
id: 2,
name: "如何学好Android——第2章"
},
{
id: 3,
name: "如何学好Android——第3章"
},
{
id: 4,
name: "如何学好Android——第4章"
},
{
id: 5,
name: "如何学好Android——第5章"
},
{
id: 6,
name: "如何学好Android——第6章"
},
{
id: 7,
name: "如何学好Android——第7章"
},
{
id: 8,
name: "如何学好Android——第8章"
},
{
id: 9,
name: "如何学好Android——第9章"
},
{
id: 10,
name: "如何学好Android——第10章"
}
],
msg: "成功"
}

界面效果:

添加网络权限:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

布局代码:

只需要一个listview就OK。

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.zergen.csdnlistview.MainActivity">

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/listview"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">


    </ListView>


</LinearLayout>

单个item布局代码:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="60dp"
        android:text="测试测试测试"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        android:gravity="center_vertical"
        android:paddingLeft="5dp"
        android:id="@+id/classname" />

</LinearLayout>

实现过程:

代码里面有非常详细的注释

MainActivity:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ListView listView;
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listview);
        new ListViewAsyncTask().execute();


    }

    //自定义AsyncTask类，三个参数，第一个不定量入参，第二个：进度 第三个：结果
    public class ListViewAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Void,Void,String>{

      //异步加载执行前所作的，可以用来Loading
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            super.onPreExecute();
            //Loading
        }
        //开启另一个线程，用于后台异步加载的工作
        protected String doInBackground(Void... voids) {
           String result = request("http://139.199.171.179/csdn/api/listviewdata.php");
            //返回Json数据
            return result;
        }

        private String request(String url_data) {
            try {
                //网络请求数据
                String responsedata = null;
                URL url = new URL(url_data);
                HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
                conn.setReadTimeout(6000);
                if (conn.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
                    InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
                    byte[] b = new byte[1024 * 512];
                    int len;
                    ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                    while((len = in.read(b))>-1){
                          baos.write(b,0,len);
                    }
                   responsedata = baos.toString();
                    Log.e("TAG", responsedata);

                }else {
                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "连接网络错误", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                return responsedata;
            } catch (java.io.IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return null;
        }

        protected void onPostExecute(String responsedata) {
            super.onPostExecute(responsedata);
            //Loading结束，处理数据
            //RequstData是用于存储对象信息的自定义类
            RequstData requstdata = new RequstData();
            //由于数据中有Json数据 所以需要一个ArrayList来存储
            List<LesssonData> lessondatas = new ArrayList<>();
            try {
                JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(responsedata);
                requstdata.setStatus(obj.getInt("status"));
                requstdata.setMsg("msg");
                JSONArray jsonarray  = obj.getJSONArray("data");
                for(int i = 0;i<jsonarray.length();i++){
                    LesssonData lessondata = new LesssonData();
                    JSONObject TempObj = jsonarray.getJSONObject(i);
                    String class_name = TempObj.getString("name");
                    lessondata.setClassName(class_name);
                    lessondatas.add(lessondata);
                }
                //绑定数据
              listView.setAdapter(new MyListAdapter(MainActivity.this,lessondatas));

            } catch (JSONException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }


    }

}

RequstData:

public class RequstData {
    public int status;
    public String msg;
    List<LesssonData> lesssonDataList =new ArrayList<>();

    public int getStatus() {
        return status;
    }

    public void setStatus(int status) {
        this.status = status;
    }

    public String getMsg() {
        return msg;
    }

    public void setMsg(String msg) {
        this.msg = msg;
    }

    public List<LesssonData> getLesssonDataList() {
        return lesssonDataList;
    }

    public void setLesssonDataList(List<LesssonData> lesssonDataList) {
        this.lesssonDataList = lesssonDataList;
    }
}

LessonData:

public class LesssonData {
    public String ClassName;

    public String getClassName() {
        return ClassName;
    }

    public void setClassName(String className) {
        ClassName = className;
    }
}

MyListAdapter :

public class MyListAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
    List<LesssonData> mlesssonDataList;
    Context mContext;

    public MyListAdapter(Context context,List<LesssonData> lesssonDataList) {
        this.mlesssonDataList = lesssonDataList;
        this.mContext = context;
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return mlesssonDataList.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int i) {
        return mlesssonDataList.get(i);
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int i) {
        return i;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int i, View view, ViewGroup viewGroup) {
        ViewHolder viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
        if (view==null){
            LayoutInflater layoutInflater = (LayoutInflater) mContext.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
            view =layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.item_layout,null);
            viewHolder.ClassName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.classname);
            view.setTag(viewHolder);
        }else {
            viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();
        }
        viewHolder.ClassName.setText(mlesssonDataList.get(i).getClassName());
        return view;
    }
    public class ViewHolder{
       public TextView ClassName;
    }
}

总结:

首先网络请求是一个耗时的操作，所以需要异步加载数据，并且需要对Adpter解析View时使用ViewHolder来优化ListView，防止数据量过大时，会出现卡顿的情况。