Prime Path

The ministers of the cabinet were quite upset by the message from the Chief of Security stating that they would all have to change the four-digit room numbers on their offices.
— It is a matter of security to change such things every now and then, to keep the enemy in the dark.
— But look, I have chosen my number 1033 for good reasons. I am the Prime minister, you know!
— I know, so therefore your new number 8179 is also a prime. You will just have to paste four new digits over the four old ones on your office door.
— No, it’s not that simple. Suppose that I change the first digit to an 8, then the number will read 8033 which is not a prime!
— I see, being the prime minister you cannot stand having a non-prime number on your door even for a few seconds.
— Correct! So I must invent a scheme for going from 1033 to 8179 by a path of prime numbers where only one digit is changed from one prime to the next prime.

Now, the minister of finance, who had been eavesdropping, intervened.
— No unnecessary expenditure, please! I happen to know that the price of a digit is one pound.
— Hmm, in that case I need a computer program to minimize the cost. You don't know some very cheap software gurus, do you?
— In fact, I do. You see, there is this programming contest going on... Help the prime minister to find the cheapest prime path between any two given four-digit primes! The first digit must be nonzero, of course. Here is a solution in the case above.
1033
1733
3733
3739
3779
8779
8179
The cost of this solution is 6 pounds. Note that the digit 1 which got pasted over in step 2 can not be reused in the last step – a new 1 must be purchased.

Input
One line with a positive number: the number of test cases (at most 100). Then for each test case, one line with two numbers separated by a blank. Both numbers are four-digit primes (without leading zeros).
Output
One line for each case, either with a number stating the minimal cost or containing the word Impossible.
Sample Input
3
1033 8179
1373 8017
1033 1033
Sample Output
6
7
0


感觉自己整的好菜,什么都不会

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<queue>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;

typedef long long ll;
int num[5];
int vis[10000];
int prime[10010];

void init(){
	for(int i=2;i<=9999;i++)
		prime[i]=1;
	for(int i=2;i<=9999;i++){
		if(prime[i]){
			for(int j=i+i;j<=9999;j+=i)
			   prime[j]=0;
		}
	}
}

struct node{
	int val;
	ll step;
}now,next;

ll bfs(int st,int ed){
	vis[st]=1;
	queue<node> q;
	now.step=0;
	now.val=st;
	q.push(now);
	while(q.size()){
		now=q.front();
		q.pop();
		if(now.val==ed)
			return now.step;
		int i=4,val=now.val;
		while(val){
			num[i--]=val%10;
			val/=10; 
		}
		for(int i=1;i<=4;i++){
			for(int j=0;j<=9;j++){
				switch(i){
					case 1:
						if(j==0) continue;
						val=j*1000+num[2]*100+num[3]*10+num[4];break;
					case 2:
						val=num[1]*1000+j*100+num[3]*10+num[4];break;
					case 3:
						val=num[1]*1000+num[2]*100+j*10+num[4];break;
					case 4:
						if(j%2==0) continue;
						val=num[1]*1000+num[2]*100+num[3]*10+j;
				}
				if(vis[val]||!prime[val]) continue;
				vis[val]=1;
				next.step=now.step+1,next.val=val;
				q.push(next);
			}
		}
	}
	return -1;
} 

int main(){	
    init();
	int T;
	scanf("%d",&T);
	while(T--){
		memset(vis,0,sizeof(vis));
		int a,b;
		scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);
		ll ans=bfs(a,b);
		if(ans==-1)
		  printf("Impossible\n");
		else
		  printf("%lld\n",ans);
	}
}


深度学习是机器学习的一个子领域,它基于人工神经网络的研究,特别是利用多层次的神经网络来进行学习和模式识别。深度学习模型能够学习数据的高层次特征,这些特征对于图像和语音识别、自然语言处理、医学图像分析等应用至关重要。以下是深度学习的一些关键概念和组成部分: 1. **神经网络(Neural Networks)**:深度学习的基础是人工神经网络,它是由多个层组成的网络结构,包括输入层、隐藏层和输出层。每个层由多个神经元组成,神经元之间通过权重连接。 2. **前馈神经网络(Feedforward Neural Networks)**:这是最常见的神经网络类型,信息从输入层流向隐藏层,最终到达输出层。 3. **卷积神经网络(Convolutional Neural Networks, CNNs)**:这种网络特别适合处理具有网格结构的数据,如图像。它们使用卷积层来提取图像的特征。 4. **循环神经网络(Recurrent Neural Networks, RNNs)**:这种网络能够处理序列数据,如时间序列或自然语言,因为它们具有记忆功能,能够捕捉数据中的时间依赖性。 5. **长短期记忆网络(Long Short-Term Memory, LSTM)**:LSTM 是一种特殊的 RNN,它能够学习长期依赖关系,非常适合复杂的序列预测任务。 6. **生成对抗网络(Generative Adversarial Networks, GANs)**:由两个网络组成,一个生成器和一个判别器,它们相互竞争,生成器生成数据,判别器评估数据的真实性。 7. **深度学习框架**:如 TensorFlow、Keras、PyTorch 等,这些框架提供了构建、训练和部署深度学习模型的工具和库。 8. **激活函数(Activation Functions)**:如 ReLU、Sigmoid、Tanh 等,它们在神经网络中用于添加非线性,使得网络能够学习复杂的函数。 9. **损失函数(Loss Functions)**:用于评估模型的预测与真实值之间的差异,常见的损失函数包括均方误差(MSE)、交叉熵(Cross-Entropy)等。 10. **优化算法(Optimization Algorithms)**:如梯度下降(Gradient Descent)、随机梯度下降(SGD)、Adam 等,用于更新网络权重,以最小化损失函数。 11. **正则化(Regularization)**:技术如 Dropout、L1/L2 正则化等,用于防止模型过拟合。 12. **迁移学习(Transfer Learning)**:利用在一个任务上训练好的模型来提高另一个相关任务的性能。 深度学习在许多领域都取得了显著的成就,但它也面临着一些挑战,如对大量数据的依赖、模型的解释性差、计算资源消耗大等。研究人员正在不断探索新的方法来解决这些问题
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