Mathematically some problems look hard. But with the help of the computer, some problems can be easily solvable.
In this problem, you will be given two integers a and b. You have to find the summation of the scores of the numbers from a to b (inclusive). The score of a number is defined as the following function.
score (x) = n2, where n is the number of relatively prime numbers with x, which are smaller than x
For example,
For 6, the relatively prime numbers with 6 are 1 and 5. So, score (6) = 22 = 4.
For 8, the relatively prime numbers with 8 are 1, 3, 5 and 7. So, score (8) = 42 = 16.
Now you have to solve this task.
Input
Input starts with an integer T (≤ 105), denoting the number of test cases.
Each case will contain two integers a and b (2 ≤ a ≤ b ≤ 5 * 106).
OutputFor each case, print the case number and the summation of all the scores from a to b.
Sample Input3
6 6
8 8
2 20
Sample OutputCase 1: 4
Case 2: 16
Case 3: 1237
NoteEuler's totient function applied to a positive integer n is defined to be the number of positive integers less than or equal to n that are relatively prime to n.
is read "phi of n."
Given the general prime factorization of , one can compute
using the formula
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cmath>
#define lowbit(x) (x&(-x))
using namespace std;
typedef unsigned long long ll;
const int maxn=5e6+10;
ll phi[maxn];
/*
我感觉这道题就是在考察我是不是知道llu,讲真,我都想放弃了
还有就是0和1是互质的,因为0的约数有无数个,但是1的约数只有1,两个数的最大公约数是1,所以互质
*/
void init(){
memset(phi,0,sizeof(phi));
phi[1]=1;
for(int i=2;i<maxn;i++){
if(!phi[i]){
for(int j=i;j<maxn;j+=i){
if(!phi[j])phi[j]=j;
phi[j]=phi[j]/i*(i-1);
}
}
}
for(int i=1;i<maxn;i++){
phi[i]=phi[i-1]+phi[i]*phi[i];
}
}
int main(){
init();
int T,kase=1;
scanf("%d",&T);
while(T--){
int l,r;
scanf("%d %d",&l,&r);
printf("Case %d: %llu\n",kase++,phi[r]-phi[l-1]);
}
return 0;
}