Light OJ 1007 Mathematically Hard [欧拉函数+前缀和]【数论】

Mathematically Hard

Time Limit:2000MS Memory Limit:65536KB 64bit IO Format:%lld & %llu
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Status
Description
Mathematically some problems look hard. But with the help of the computer, some problems can be easily solvable.

In this problem, you will be given two integers a and b. You have to find the summation of the scores of the numbers from a to b (inclusive). The score of a number is defined as the following function.

score (x) = n2, where n is the number of relatively prime numbers with x, which are smaller than x

For example,

For 6, the relatively prime numbers with 6 are 1 and 5. So, score (6) = 22 = 4.

For 8, the relatively prime numbers with 8 are 1, 3, 5 and 7. So, score (8) = 42 = 16.

Now you have to solve this task.

Input
Input starts with an integer T (≤ 105), denoting the number of test cases.

Each case will contain two integers a and b(2 ≤ a ≤ b ≤ 5 * 106).

Output
For each case, print the case number and the summation of all the scores from a to b.

Sample Input
3
6 6
8 8
2 20
Sample Output
Case 1: 4
Case 2: 16
Case 3: 1237

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题目大意 就是求a~b的所有数的欧拉函数的和

题解：数据量5e6 预处理一下 将所有欧拉函数的平方求出 在处理一下前缀和 即可 因为后面的大数会爆long long 所以要用unsign long long

附本题代码

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <map>
#include <vector>
#include <set>

using namespace std;

#define LL unsigned long long int

/*
const double eps = 1e-7;
const double Pi = acos(-1.0);
*/

LL phi[5000500];


void phi_table()  //欧拉函数。。。
{
    int i,j;
    for(i=2; i<=5e6; i++)
        phi[i]=0;
    phi[1]=1;
    for(i=2; i<=5e6; i++)
        if(!phi[i])
            for(j=i; j<=5e6; j+=i)
            {
                if(!phi[j])
                    phi[j]=j;
                phi[j]=phi[j]/i*(i-1);
            }
    phi[0]=0;
}
void init()
{
    for(int i=2; i<5000001; i++)
    {
        phi[i]=phi[i-1]+phi[i]*phi[i] ;
    }
    return ;
}

int main()
{
    phi_table();
    init();
    int t,aa,bb,p=0;
    scanf("%d",&t);
    while(t--)
    {
        scanf("%d%d",&aa,&bb);

        printf("Case %d: %llu\n",++p,phi[bb]-phi[aa-1]);
    }
    return 0;
}