Java中的深浅拷贝

深浅拷贝:clone

java中的Object类中的方法.:
只用子类实现了Cloneable接口后,才可以使用Object类提供的clone方法

protected native Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException

异常

CloneNotSupportedException
表明该clone类方法Object被称为克隆对象，但该对象的类无法实现Cloneable接口。

要想让对象具有拷贝功能,必须实现Cloneable接口(表示接口,表示此类允许被拷贝clone),并且在类中自定义克隆方法,调用Object类提供的继承权限clone方法

浅拷贝 - 对象值拷贝

对于浅拷贝而言:拷贝出来的对象保留原对象的所有引用.,注意这里指的是引用

问题:牵一发而动全身.

只要任意一个拷贝对象(或原对象)中的引用发生改变,所有对象均会受到影响.

深拷贝

拷贝出来的对象产生了所有引用的新对象

特点:修改任意一个对象,不会对其他对象产生影响.

实现深拷贝的两种方法:

• 1.包含的其他类继续实现Cloneable接口,并且调用clone方法(递归实现Clone),也就是说一个对象实例,要复制他的所有属性,就需要属性类也实现Cloneable接口.并且调用super.clone()方法.
  深浅拷贝的可以通过,是否在clone方法中有 student.teacher = (Teacher) teacher.clone();

import javax.swing.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.*;
//Teacher实现Cloneable接口
class Teacher implements Cloneable {
		private String name;
		private String job;
		public Teacher clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
				Teacher teacher = null;
				teacher = (Teacher) super.clone();
				return teacher;
		}
		
		public Teacher(String name, String job) {
				this.name = name;
				this.job = job;
		}
		
		public String getName() {
				return name;
		}
		
		public void setName(String name) {
				this.name = name;
		}
		
		public String getJob() {
				return job;
		}
		
		public void setJob(String job) {
				this.job = job;
		}
}
//Student实现Cloneable接口
class Student implements Cloneable {
		private String name;
		private int age;
		private Teacher teacher;
		
		public Teacher getTeacher() {
				return teacher;
		}
		
		public Student(String name, int age, Teacher teacher) {
				this.name = name;
				this.age = age;
				this.teacher = teacher;
		}
		
		public Student(String name, int age) {
				this.name = name;
				this.age = age;
		}
		
		public Student clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
				Student student = null;
				student = (Student) super.clone();
			    student.teacher = this.teacher.clone();
				return student;
		}
		
		public String getName() {
				return name;
		}
		
		public void setName(String name) {
				this.name = name;
		}

		public int getAge() {
				return age;
		}

		public void setAge(int age) {
				this.age = age;
		}

}
public class Copy {
		public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
				Teacher teacher = new Teacher("ming","java Teacher");
				Student student = new Student("zhan",18,teacher);
				//创建一个Student实例
				Student student1 = student.clone();
				System.out.println(student.getTeacher());
				System.out.println(student1.getTeacher());
		}
}

• 2.使用序列化(重要)
  使用序列化进行深拷贝时,无须再是实现Cloneable接口,只需要实现Serizalizable即可.

		public Object deepClone() throws Exception
		{
				// 序列化
				ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
				ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);

				oos.writeObject(this);

				// 反序列化
				ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
				ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis);

				return ois.readObject();
		}