windows下python3.8.5连接mysql

Python3 MySQL 数据库连接 - PyMySQL 驱动
https://www.runoob.com/python3/python3-mysql.html

一、pymysql 是在 Python3.x 版本中用于连接 MySQL 服务器的一个库，Python2中则使用mysqldb。接下来安装pymysql：
命令1：打开命令行窗口输入：pip install pymysql

'pip' 不是内部或外部命令，也不是可运行的程序或批处理文件。

将python的安装路径添加到系统环境变量中

D:\python\python3.8.5
D:\python\Scripts

如果未能下载，请看命令2；
命令2：打开命令行窗口输入：python -m pip install pymysql

Collecting pymysql
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ProxyError('Cannot connect to proxy.', timeout('timed out'))': /packages/1a/ea/dd9c81e2d85efd03cfbf808736dd055bd9ea1a78aea9968888b1055c3263/PyMySQL-0.10.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ProxyError('Cannot connect to proxy.', timeout('timed out'))': /packages/1a/ea/dd9c81e2d85efd03cfbf808736dd055bd9ea1a78aea9968888b1055c3263/PyMySQL-0.10.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ProxyError('Cannot connect to proxy.', timeout('timed out'))': /packages/1a/ea/dd9c81e2d85efd03cfbf808736dd055bd9ea1a78aea9968888b1055c3263/PyMySQL-0.10.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ProxyError('Cannot connect to proxy.', timeout('timed out'))': /packages/1a/ea/dd9c81e2d85efd03cfbf808736dd055bd9ea1a78aea9968888b1055c3263/PyMySQL-0.10.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ProxyError('Cannot connect to proxy.', timeout('timed out'))': /packages/1a/ea/dd9c81e2d85efd03cfbf808736dd055bd9ea1a78aea9968888b1055c3263/PyMySQL-0.10.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
ERROR: Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /packages/1a/ea/dd9c81e2d85efd03cfbf808736dd055bd9ea1a78aea9968888b1055c3263/PyMySQL-0.10.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (Caused by ProxyError('Cannot connect to proxy.', timeout('timed out')))

报了这些错误，随后百度，根据该博客内容使用了命令3：
设置pip源：https://www.cnblogs.com/aimed/p/10178048.html
命令3：打开命令行窗口输入：python -m pip install pymysql -i http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple --trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com

Looking in indexes: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple
Collecting pymysql
  Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/1a/ea/dd9c81e2d85efd03cfbf808736dd055bd9ea1a78aea9968888b1055c3263/PyMySQL-0.10.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (47 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 47 kB ...
Installing collected packages: pymysql
Successfully installed pymysql-0.10.1
WARNING: You are using pip version 20.1.1; however, version 20.3 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'D:\python\python3.8.5\python.exe -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

实现了pymysql的下载，但在最后有一个警告，大意是叫我们更新pip，那我们就更新咯：

WARNING: The scripts pip.exe, pip3.8.exe and pip3.exe are installed in 'D:\python\python3.8.5\Scripts' which is not on PATH.
  Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.

**命令4：**更新pip：python -m pip install --upgrade pip 或
python -m pip install --upgrade pip -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple

Collecting pip
  Downloading pip-20.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.5 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 1.5 MB 252 kB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
  Attempting uninstall: pip
    Found existing installation: pip 20.1.1
    Uninstalling pip-20.1.1:
      Successfully uninstalled pip-20.1.1
  WARNING: The scripts pip.exe, pip3.8.exe and pip3.exe are installed in 'D:\python\python3.8.5\Scripts' which is not on PATH.
  Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.
Successfully installed pip-20.3

第一次执行该命令的时候没有成功，再次执行的时候就成功了，未知原因

二、连接数据库：python连接数据库很简单，主要连接代码如下，具体内容可看文章开头的链接：

#!/usr/bin/python3
 
import pymysql
 
# 打开数据库连接
db = pymysql.connect("localhost","testuser","test123","TESTDB" )
 
# 使用 cursor() 方法创建一个游标对象 cursor
cursor = db.cursor()
 
# 使用 execute()  方法执行 SQL 查询 
cursor.execute("SELECT VERSION()")
 
# 使用 fetchone() 方法获取单条数据.
data = cursor.fetchone()
 
print ("Database version : %s " % data)
 
# 关闭数据库连接
db.close()

三、最后附几个自己查资料过程中的链接：
1、Python3连接MySQL
2、python3连接mysql8.0：
3、mysql-8.0 安装教程（自定义配置文件，密码方式已修改）
4、解决"pip Fatal error in launcher: Unable to create process using … "的错误
5、python使用pip安装模块出错 Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None))
6、python中安装包出现Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None))…………
7、PyCharm安装第三方包requests报错：Try to run this command from the system terminal. Make sure that you use the