在SpringData中们可是使用继承接口直接按照规则写方法名即可完成查询的方法,不需要写具体的实现,但是这样写又是不能满足我们的需求,比如子查询,SpringData中提供了@Query注解可以让我们写JPA的语句和原生的SQL语句,那接下来看看怎么写JPA的查询语句和原生的SQL语句。
package com.springdata.study.repository;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.Repository;
import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;
import com.springdata.study.entitys.Person;
//1.实际上Repository是一个口接口,没有提供任何方法,是一个标记接口
//2.实现了Repository接口就会被spring IOC容器识别为Repository Bean
// 会被纳入IOC容器中
//3.Repository接口也可以同@RepositoryDefinition 注解代替,效果是一样的
//4.接口中的泛型:第一个是那个实体类的Repository,第二个是实体类的主键的类型
//@RepositoryDefinition(domainClass=Person.class,idClass=Integer.class)
/**
* 在Repository接口中申明方法 1.申明方法需要符合一定的规范 2.查询方法需要以 find | read | get开头 3.涉及查询条件时
* 需要用条件关键字连接 4.属性首字母大写 5.支持级联属性
* 6.AddressId若当前实体类中有属性,则优先使用该属性,若想要使用级联属性,需要用下划线隔开Address_Id
*/
public interface PersonRepositoiry extends Repository<Person, Integer> {
// select p from Person where p.name = ?
Person getByName(String name);
List<Person> findByNameStartingWithAndIdLessThan(String name, Integer id);
// where name like %? and id < ?
List<Person> findByNameEndingWithAndIdLessThan(String name, Integer id);
// where email in ? age < ?
List<Person> readByEmailInOrAgeLessThan(List<String> emails, int age);
// 级联属性查询
// where address.id > ?
List<Person> findByAddress_IdGreaterThan(Integer is);
// 可以使用@Query注解在其value属性中写JPA语句灵活查询
@Query("SELECT p FROM Person p WHERE p.id = (SELECT max(p2.id) FROM Person p2)")
Person getMaxIdPerson();
// 在@Query注解中使用占位符
@Query(value = "SELECT p FROM Person p where p.name = ?1 and p.email = ?2")
List<Person> queryAnnotationParam1(String name, String email);
// 使用命名参数传递参数
@Query(value = "SELECT p FROM Person p where p.name = :name")
List<Person> queryAnnotationParam2(@Param("name") String name);
// SpringData可以在参数上添加%
@Query("SELECT p FROM Person p WHERE p.name LIKE %?1%")
List<Person> queryAnnotationLikeParam(String name);
// SpringData可以在参数上添加%
@Query("SELECT p FROM Person p WHERE p.name LIKE %:name%")
List<Person> queryAnnotationLikeParam2(@Param("name")String name);
//在@Query注解中添加nativeQuery=true属性可以使用原生的SQL查询
@Query(value="SELECT count(*) FROM jpa_person", nativeQuery=true)
long getTotalRow();
}
下面是这个类的测试类
package com.springdata.study.test;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.springdata.study.entitys.Person;
import com.springdata.study.repository.PersonRepositoiry;
import com.springdata.study.service.PersonService;
public class DataSourceTest {
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
private PersonService personService;
private PersonRepositoiry personRepositoiry;
{
applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
personRepositoiry = applicationContext.getBean(PersonRepositoiry.class);
personService = applicationContext.getBean(PersonService.class);
}
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
@Test
public void testDataSource() throws SQLException {
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
DataSource dataSource = applicationContext.getBean(DataSource.class);
System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection());
}
@Test
public void testSpringdata() {
Object person = personService.getPerson("LQF");
System.out.println(person);
}
@Test
public void testFindByNameStartingWithAndIdLessThan() {
List<Person> persons = personRepositoiry.findByNameStartingWithAndIdLessThan("g", 6);
persons = personRepositoiry.findByNameEndingWithAndIdLessThan("g", 6);
System.out.println(persons);
}
@Test
public void testReadByEmailInOrAgeLessThan() {
List<Person> persons = personRepositoiry.readByEmailInOrAgeLessThan(Arrays.asList("123@qq.com"), 25);
System.out.println(persons);
}
@Test
public void testFindByAddressIdGreaterThan() {
personRepositoiry.findByAddress_IdGreaterThan(1);
}
@Test
public void testGetMaxIdPerson() {
Person person = personRepositoiry.getMaxIdPerson();
System.out.println(person);
}
@Test
public void testQueryAnnotationParam() {
List<Person> persons = personRepositoiry.queryAnnotationParam1("liqingfeng", "123@qq.com");
System.out.println(persons);
}
@Test
public void testQueryAnnotationParam2() {
List<Person> persons = personRepositoiry.queryAnnotationParam2("lqf");
System.out.println(persons);
}
@Test
public void testQueryAnnotationLikeParam() {
List<Person> persons = personRepositoiry.queryAnnotationLikeParam2("li");
System.out.println(persons);
}
@Test
public void testGetTotalRow() {
long count = personRepositoiry.getTotalRow();
System.out.println(count);
}
}