单例模式

在计算机系统中，线程池、缓存、日志对象、对话框、打印机、显卡的驱动程序对象常被设计成单例
单例模式三要素:

1. 私有构造方法
2. 指向自己实例的私有静态引用
3. 以自己实例为返回值的静态公有方法

饿汉式

public class Hungrey {
    private static Hungrey hungrey = new Hungrey();

    private Hungrey() {
    }
    public static Hungrey getHungrey(){

        return hungrey;
    }
}

懒汉式

懒汉式是非线程安全的,可以在方法上加synchronized 保证线程安全
也可以用双重校验锁的形式

public class Lazy {
    private static Lazy lazy=null;

    private Lazy() {

    }
    //可以加synchronized 
    public static Lazy getLazy(){
        //双重校验锁
        if (lazy ==null){
            synchronized (Lazy.class){
                if (lazy==null){
                    return new Lazy();
                }
            }
        }
        return lazy;
    }
}

创建线程来验证结果:

public class MyThread extends Thread {

    static Set<Lazy> sets = new HashSet<Lazy>();

    @Override
    public void run() {

        sets.add(Lazy.getLazy());

    }
}

@Test
    public void demo(){

        for( int i = 1; i <= 1000 ; i++ ){

            new MyThread().start();
        }


        System.out.println(MyThread.sets);

    }

如果没加同步锁,懒汉式的set集合中是会出现两个对象的(多跑几次,总会有出现的)

抽象工厂模式

总工厂

public interface CarFactory {

    Seat createSeat();
    Wheel createWheel();

}

便宜工厂

public class LowFactory implements CarFactory {
    @Override
    public Seat createSeat() {

        return new LowSeat();
    }

    @Override
    public Wheel createWheel() {
        return new LowWheel();
    }
}

高级工厂

public class LuxuryFactory implements CarFactory{
    @Override
    public Seat createSeat() {
        return new LuxurySeat();
    }

    @Override
    public Wheel createWheel() {
        return new LuxuryWheel();
    }
}

方向盘接口

public interface Wheel {
    String message();
}

座椅接口

public interface Seat {
    String message();
}

高级方向盘

public class LuxuryWheel implements Wheel {
    @Override
    public String message() {
        return "真皮方向盘";
    }
}

高级座椅

public class LuxurySeat implements Seat {
    @Override
    public String message() {
        return "豪华真皮软座";
    }
}

便宜方向盘

public class LowWheel implements Wheel{

    @Override
    public String message() {
        return "垃圾方向盘";
    }
}

便宜座椅

public class LowSeat implements Seat {
    @Override
    public String message() {
        return  "硬座";
    }
}

测试:

@Test
    public void demo1(){
        CarFactory luxuryFactory = new LuxuryFactory();
        Wheel wheel = luxuryFactory.createWheel();
        System.out.println(wheel.message());
        Assert.assertEquals(wheel.message(),"真皮");
        
    }