COCO数据集获取图片信息并根据URL进行显示

import time as time
import json
import numpy as np
from collections import defaultdict
import cv2 as cv

def _isArrayLike(obj):
    return hasattr(obj, '__iter__') and hasattr(obj, '__len__')
class COCO:
    def __init__(self, annotation_file=None):
        """
        Constructor of Microsoft COCO helper class for reading and visualizing annotations.
        :param annotation_file (str): location of annotation file
        :param image_folder (str): location to the folder that hosts images.
        :return:
        """
        # load dataset
        self.dataset,self.anns,self.cats,self.imgs = dict(),dict(),dict(),dict()
        self.imgToAnns, self.catToImgs = defaultdict(list), defaultdict(list)
        if not annotation_file == None:
            print('loading annotations into memory...')
            tic = time.time()
            dataset = json.load(open(annotation_file, 'r'))
            assert type(dataset)==dict, 'annotation file format {} not supported'.format(type(dataset))
            print('Done (t={:0.2f}s)'.format(time.time()- tic))
            self.dataset = dataset
            self.createIndex()
    def createIndex(self):
        # create index
        print('creating index...')
        anns, cats, imgs = {}, {}, {}
        imgToAnns,catToImgs = defaultdict(list),defaultdict(list)
        if 'annotations' in self.dataset:
            for ann in self.dataset['annotations']:
                imgToAnns[ann['image_id']].append(ann)
                anns[ann['id']] = ann

        if 'images' in self.dataset:
            for img in self.dataset['images']:
                imgs[img['id']] = img

        if 'categories' in self.dataset:
            for cat in self.dataset['categories']:
                cats[cat['id']] = cat

        if 'annotations' in self.dataset and 'categories' in self.dataset:
            for ann in self.dataset['annotations']:
                catToImgs[ann['category_id']].append(ann['image_id'])

        print('index created!')

        # create class members
        self.anns = anns
        self.imgToAnns = imgToAnns
        self.catToImgs = catToImgs
        self.imgs = imgs
        self.cats = cats

    def getImgIds(self, imgIds=[], catIds=[]):
        '''
        Get img ids that satisfy given filter conditions.
        :param imgIds (int array) : get imgs for given ids
        :param catIds (int array) : get imgs with all given cats
        :return: ids (int array)  : integer array of img ids
        '''
        imgIds = imgIds if _isArrayLike(imgIds) else [imgIds]
        catIds = catIds if _isArrayLike(catIds) else [catIds]

        if len(imgIds) == len(catIds) == 0:
            ids = self.imgs.keys()
        else:
            ids = set(imgIds)
            for i, catId in enumerate(catIds):
                if i == 0 and len(ids) == 0:
                    ids = set(self.catToImgs[catId])
                else:
                    ids &= set(self.catToImgs[catId])
            print(ids)
            print()
        return list(ids)
    def loadImgs(self, ids=[]):
        """
        Load anns with the specified ids.
        :param ids (int array)       : integer ids specifying img
        :return: imgs (object array) : loaded img objects
        """
        if _isArrayLike(ids):
            return [self.imgs[id] for id in ids]
        elif type(ids) == int:
            return [self.imgs[ids]]

dataDir = '../..'
dataType = 'val2017'
annDir = '{}/annotations'.format(dataDir)
annFile = '{}/instances_{}.json'.format(annDir, dataType)
coco = COCO(annFile)

# 从image_id获得对应的image的信息
imgIds = coco.getImgIds(imgIds = [324158])
img = coco.loadImgs(imgIds[np.random.randint(0,len(imgIds))])[0]
print(img)

#图片由信息中的coco_url获得
import requests
r = requests.get(img['coco_url'])
with open('./img.jpg', 'wb') as f:
    f.write(r.content)
image = cv.imread("./img.jpg", 1)
cv.namedWindow('IMG')
cv.imshow("IMG", image)
cv.waitKey()
cv.destroyAllWindows()