linux下 nvme操作代码示例

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一、nvme是什么？

NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express) 是一种专为闪存和其他非易失性存储介质设计的协议，它被设计用来提高存储设备的性能，尤其是那些通过 PCI Express (PCIe) 总线连接的固态硬盘 (SSD)。

下面的代码示例主要操作了 nvme的admin命令，读取nvme硬盘的信息
1，nvme_read_id_ctrl
2，nvme_read_id_ns
3，nvme_read_smart_log

二、代码示例

nvmecmds.h

/*
 * nvmecmds.h
 *
 * Home page of code is: https://www.smartmontools.org
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2016-23 Christian Franke
 *
 * Original code from <linux/nvme.h>:
 *   Copyright (C) 2011-2014 Intel Corporation
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 */

#ifndef NVMECMDS_H
#define NVMECMDS_H

#define NVMECMDS_H_CVSID "$Id: nvmecmds.h 5471 2023-05-29 12:22:41Z chrfranke $"

#include <errno.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>

// The code below was originally imported from <linux/nvme.h> include file from
// Linux kernel sources.  Types from <linux/types.h> were replaced.
// Symbol names are unchanged but placed in a namespace to allow inclusion
// of the original <linux/nvme.h>.


// BEGIN: From <linux/nvme.h>


#define STATIC_ASSERT_H_CVSID "$Id: static_assert.h 4934 2019-07-01 20:54:14Z chrfranke $"

#if __cplusplus >= 201103 || _MSVC_LANG >= 201103
#define STATIC_ASSERT(x) static_assert((x), #x)
#elif __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112
#define STATIC_ASSERT(x) _Static_assert((x), #x)
#elif __GNUC__ >= 4
#define STATIC_ASSERT(x) typedef char static_assertion[(x) ? 1 : -1] \
                         __attribute__((unused))
#else
#define STATIC_ASSERT(x) typedef char static_assertion[(x) ? 1 : -1]
#endif


struct nvme_error_log_page {
   
  uint64_t        error_count;
  unsigned short  sqid;
  unsigned short  cmdid;
  unsigned short  status_field;
  unsigned short  parm_error_location;
  uint64_t        lba;
  unsigned int    nsid;
  unsigned char   vs;
  unsigned char   resv[35];
};
STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(struct nvme_error_log_page) == 64);

struct nvme_id_power_state {
   
  unsigned short  max_power; // centiwatts
  unsigned char   rsvd2;
  unsigned char   flags;
  unsigned int    entry_lat; // microseconds
  unsigned int    exit_lat;  // microseconds
  unsigned char   read_tput;
  unsigned char   read_lat;
  unsigned char   write_tput;
  unsigned char   write_lat;
  unsigned short  idle_power;
  unsigned char   idle_scale;
  unsigned char   rsvd19;
  unsigned short  active_power;
  unsigned char   active_work_scale;
  unsigned char   rsvd23[9];
};
STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(struct nvme_id_power_state) == 32);

struct nvme_id_ctrl {
   
  unsigned short  vid;
  unsigned short  ssvid;
  char            sn[20];
  char            mn[40];
  char            fr[8];
  unsigned char   rab;
  unsigned char   ieee[3];
  unsigned char   cmic;
  unsigned char   mdts;
  unsigned short  cntlid;
  unsigned int    ver;
  unsigned int    rtd3r;
  unsigned int    rtd3e;
  unsigned int    oaes;
  unsigned int    ctratt;
  unsigned char   rsvd100[156];
  unsigned short  oacs;
  unsigned char   acl;
  unsigned char   aerl;
  unsigned char   frmw;
  unsigned char   lpa;
  unsigned char   elpe;
  unsigned char   npss;
  unsigned char   avscc;
  unsigned char   apsta;
  unsigned short  wctemp;
  unsigned short  cctemp;
  unsigned short  mtfa;
  unsigned int    hmpre;
  unsigned int    hmmin;
  unsigned char   tnvmcap[16];
  unsigned char   unvmcap[16];
  unsigned int    rpmbs;
  unsigned short  edstt;
  unsigned char   dsto;
  unsigned char   fwug;
  unsigned short  kas;
  unsigned short  hctma;
  unsigned short  mntmt;
  unsigned short  mxtmt;
  unsigned int    sanicap;
  unsigned char   rsvd332[180];
  unsigned char   sqes;
  unsigned char   cqes;
  unsigned