Swing - 简易计算器（例）

一、Swing 组件的创建

1、导入相关的包

     import javax.swing.*；

     import java.awt.*；

     import java.awt.event.*;   // 事件模型

     import javax.swing.event.*;     // 事件处理包

2、设置顶层容器

      JFrame（框架）：主程序窗口

3、添加组件

      面板的创建   jPanel1 = new javax.swing.JPanel();

      文本框的创建  jTextField1 = new javax.swing.JTextField();

      button的创建  jButton1 = new javax.swing.JButton();

二、界面设计

       布局设置

三、动作事件处理机制

       监听器：ActionListener 
       方 法：actionPerformed 
       事 件：ActionEvent 

        通过监听器，可以监听事件源产生的事件，从而在事件处理程序中处理我们所需要处理的用户行为。

       （鼠标）单击button    触发    ActionEvent 事件
        ActionEvent 事件    ActionListener 接口   实现接口   （监听器）

       例：用户行为（如点击按钮）由一个监听器ActionListenner中的actionPerformed方法来处理。

jButton1.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
     public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
          jButton1ActionPerformed(evt);
     }
}

 四、计算器

       主程序窗口代码

/*
 * To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
 * To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates
 * and open the template in the editor.
 */
package swingtest;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JFrame;

/**
 * 
 * 单次运算(整数)
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 */
public class Calculator extends JFrame implements ActionListener{

    /**
     * Creates new form Calculator
     */
    public Calculator() {
        initComponents();
    }

    /**
     * This method is called from within the constructor to initialize the form.
     * WARNING: Do NOT modify this code. The content of this method is always
     * regenerated by the Form Editor.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Generated Code">                          
    private void initComponents() {
        java.awt.GridBagConstraints gridBagConstraints;

        buttonGroup1 = new javax.swing.ButtonGroup();
        buttonGroup2 = new javax.swing.ButtonGroup();
        jPanel1 = new javax.swing.JPanel();
        jTextField1 = new javax.swing.JTextField();
        jButton1 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton2 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton3 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton13 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton4 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton5 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton6 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton14 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton7 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton8 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton9 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton15 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton10 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton11 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton12 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton16 = new javax.swing.JButton();

        setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        jPanel1.setLayout(new java.awt.GridBagLayout());
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 0;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 0;
        gridBagConstraints.gridwidth = 4;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 355;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 13;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(40, 11, 0, 1);
        jPanel1.add(jTextField1, gridBagConstraints);

        jButton1.setLabel("1");
        jButton1.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton1ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 0;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 1;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 31;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 9;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(15, 10, 0, 0);
        jPanel1.add(jButton1, gridBagConstraints);

        jButton2.setLabel("2");
        jButton2.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton2ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 1;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 1;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 31;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 9;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(15, 27, 0, 0);
        jPanel1.add(jButton2, gridBagConstraints);

        jButton3.setLabel("3");
        jButton3.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton3ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 2;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 1;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 31;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 9;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(15, 28, 0, 0);
        jPanel1.add(jButton3, gridBagConstraints);

        jButton13.setText("+");
        jButton13.setMaximumSize(new java.awt.Dimension(39, 23));
        jButton13.setMinimumSize(new java.awt.Dimension(39, 23));
        jButton13.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton13ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 3;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 1;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 31;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 9;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(15, 27, 0, 1);
        jPanel1.add(jButton13, gridBagConstraints);

        jButton4.setLabel("4");
        jButton4.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton4ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 0;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 2;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 31;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 9;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(10, 10, 0, 0);
        jPanel1.add(jButton4, gridBagConstraints);

        jButton5.setLabel("5");
        jButton5.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton5ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 1;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 2;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 31;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 9;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(10, 27, 0, 0);
        jPanel1.add(jButton5, gridBagConstraints);

        jButton6.setLabel("6");
        jButton6.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton6ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 2;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 2;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 31;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 9;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(10, 28, 0, 0);
        jPanel1.add(jButton6, gridBagConstraints);

        jButton14.setText("-");
        jButton14.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton14ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 3;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 2;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 31;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 9;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(10, 27, 0, 1);
        jPanel1.add(jButton14, gridBagConstraints);

        jButton7.setLabel("7");
        jButton7.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton7ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 0;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 3;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 31;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 9;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(10, 10, 0, 0);
        jPanel1.add(jButton7, gridBagConstraints);

        jButton8.setLabel("8");
        jButton8.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton8ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 1;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 3;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 31;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 9;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(10, 27, 0, 0);
        jPanel1.add(jButton8, gridBagConstraints);

        jButton9.setLabel("9");
        jButton9.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton9ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 2;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 3;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 31;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 9;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(10, 28, 0, 0);
        jPanel1.add(jButton9, gridBagConstraints);

        jButton15.setText("*");
        jButton15.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton15ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 3;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 3;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 31;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 9;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(10, 27, 0, 1);
        jPanel1.add(jButton15, gridBagConstraints);

        jButton10.setLabel("0");
        jButton10.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton10ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 0;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 4;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 31;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 9;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(22, 10, 0, 0);
        jPanel1.add(jButton10, gridBagConstraints);

        jButton11.setText("C");
        jButton11.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton11ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 1;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 4;
        gridBagConstraints.gridheight = 2;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 31;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 9;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(24, 27, 87, 0);
        jPanel1.add(jButton11, gridBagConstraints);

        jButton12.setText("=");
        jButton12.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton12ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 2;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 4;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 31;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 9;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(22, 28, 0, 0);
        jPanel1.add(jButton12, gridBagConstraints);

        jButton16.setLabel("/");
        jButton16.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton16ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        gridBagConstraints = new java.awt.GridBagConstraints();
        gridBagConstraints.gridx = 3;
        gridBagConstraints.gridy = 4;
        gridBagConstraints.ipadx = 31;
        gridBagConstraints.ipady = 9;
        gridBagConstraints.anchor = java.awt.GridBagConstraints.NORTHWEST;
        gridBagConstraints.insets = new java.awt.Insets(22, 27, 0, 1);
        jPanel1.add(jButton16, gridBagConstraints);

        javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(getContentPane());
        getContentPane().setLayout(layout);
        layout.setHorizontalGroup(
            layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
            .addComponent(jPanel1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, 415, Short.MAX_VALUE)
        );
        layout.setVerticalGroup(
            layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
            .addGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING, layout.createSequentialGroup()
                .addContainerGap(javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE)
                .addComponent(jPanel1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 311, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
                .addGap(47, 47, 47))
        );

        pack();
    }// </editor-fold>                        

    private void jButton11ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                          
        jTextField1.setText("");
    }                                         

    private void jButton15ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                          
        jTextField1.setText(jTextField1.getText()+"*");
    }                                         

    private void jButton13ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                          
         
        jTextField1.setText(jTextField1.getText()+"+");
    }                                         

    private void jButton1ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                         
         jTextField1.setText(jTextField1.getText()+"1");
    }                                        

    private void jButton2ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                         
        jTextField1.setText(jTextField1.getText()+"2");
    }                                        

    private void jButton3ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                         
       jTextField1.setText(jTextField1.getText()+"3");
    }                                        

    private void jButton4ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                         
        jTextField1.setText(jTextField1.getText()+"4");
    }                                        

    private void jButton5ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                         
        jTextField1.setText(jTextField1.getText()+"5");
    }                                        

    private void jButton6ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                         
        jTextField1.setText(jTextField1.getText()+"6");
    }                                        

    private void jButton7ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                         
        jTextField1.setText(jTextField1.getText()+"7");
    }                                        

    private void jButton8ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                         
        jTextField1.setText(jTextField1.getText()+"8");
    }                                        

    private void jButton9ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                         
        jTextField1.setText(jTextField1.getText()+"9");
    }                                        

    private void jButton10ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                          
        jTextField1.setText(jTextField1.getText()+"0");
    }                                         

    private void jButton14ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                          
        jTextField1.setText(jTextField1.getText()+"-");
    }                                         

    private void jButton16ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                          
        jTextField1.setText(jTextField1.getText()+"/");
    }                                         

    private void jButton12ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                          
            // =
            Arithmetic ari = ArithmeticFactory.getArith(jTextField1.getText());
            int num = ari.count(jTextField1.getText());
            jTextField1.setText(""+num);
    }                                         

    /**
     * run
     * 
     * @param args the command line arguments
     */
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        /* Set the Nimbus look and feel */
        //<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Look and feel setting code (optional) ">
        /* If Nimbus (introduced in Java SE 6) is not available, stay with the default look and feel.
         * For details see http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/lookandfeel/plaf.html 
         */
        try {
            for (javax.swing.UIManager.LookAndFeelInfo info : javax.swing.UIManager.getInstalledLookAndFeels()) {
                if ("Nimbus".equals(info.getName())) {
                    javax.swing.UIManager.setLookAndFeel(info.getClassName());
                    break;
                }
            }
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
            java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(Calculator.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } catch (InstantiationException ex) {
            java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(Calculator.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
            java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(Calculator.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } catch (javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
            java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(Calculator.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }
        //</editor-fold>

        /* Create and display the form */
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                new Calculator().setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }

    // Variables declaration - do not modify                     
    private javax.swing.ButtonGroup buttonGroup1;
    private javax.swing.ButtonGroup buttonGroup2;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton1;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton10;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton11;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton12;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton13;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton14;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton15;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton16;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton2;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton3;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton4;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton5;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton6;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton7;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton8;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton9;
    private javax.swing.JPanel jPanel1;
    private javax.swing.JTextField jTextField1;
    // End of variables declaration                   

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet."); //To change body of generated methods, choose Tools | Templates.
    }

}