介绍
.ini 文件是Initialization File的缩写,即初始化文件, 是windows的系统配置文件所采用的存储格式,
统管windows的各项配置,一般用户就用windows提供的各项图形化管理界面就可实现相同的配置了。
.Net框架下的类库是基于托管代码的,而API函数是基于非托管代码的,
运行库的控制下执行的代码称作托管代码。相反,在运行库之外运行的代码称作非托管代码。
.NET 的公共类库 没有直接操作Ini文件的类,
所以我们使用 System.Runtime.InteropServices 下的 [DllImport(“kernel32.dll”)]
将我们要用的 kernel32.dll 引入。
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
namespace MyUtils
{
public class IniApi
{
/// <summary>
/// 读取 (int 类型)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="section"></param>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="noText"></param>
/// <param name="filePath"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
protected static extern int GetPrivateProfileInt(string section, string key, int noText, string filePath);
/// <summary>
/// 读取 (string 类型)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="section">欲在其中查找条目的小节名称。这个字串不区分大小写。如设为null,就在returnString缓冲区内装载这个ini文件所有小节的列表</param>
/// <param name="key">欲获取的项名或条目名。这个字串不区分大小写。如设为null,就在returnString缓冲区内装载指定小节所有项的列表</param>
/// <param name="noText">指定的条目没有找到时返回的默认值。可设为空("")</param>
/// <param name="returnString">指定一个字串缓冲区,长度至少为Size</param>
/// <param name="size">指定装载到returnString缓冲区的最大字符数量</param>
/// <param name="filePath">初始化文件的名字。如没有指定一个完整路径名,windows就在Windows目录中查找文件</param>
/// 注意:如lpKeyName参数为null,那么returnString缓冲区会载入指定小节所有设置项的一个列表。
/// 每个项都用一个NULL字符分隔,最后一个项用两个NULL字符中止。也请参考GetPrivateProfileInt函数的注解
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("kernel32")]
protected static extern long GetPrivateProfileString(string section, string key, string noText, StringBuilder returnString, int size, string filePath);
/// <summary>
/// 读取 (byte[] 类型)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="section"></param>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <param name="vDefault"></param>
/// <param name="returnBytes"></param>
/// <param name="size"></param>
/// <param name="filePath"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("kernel32")]
protected static extern uint GetPrivateProfileString(string section, string key, string noText, byte[] returnBytes, int size, string filePath);
/// <summary>
/// 写入
/// </summary>
/// <param name="section">要在其中写入新字串的小节名称。这个字串不区分大小写</param>
/// <param name="key">要设置的项名或条目名。这个字串不区分大小写。用null可删除这个小节的所有设置项</param>
/// <param name="lpString">指定为这个项写入的字串值。用null表示删除这个项现有的字串</param>
/// <param name="filePath">初始化文件的名字。如果没有指定完整路径名,则windows会在windows目录查找文件。如果文件没有找到,则函数会创建它</param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("kernel32")]
protected static extern long WritePrivateProfileString(string section, string key, string val, string filePath);
}
/// <summary>
/// ini文件类
/// </summary>
public class IniFileHelper : IniApi
{
/// <summary>
/// 文件路径
/// </summary>
public string FilePath { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 构造函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">Ini文件路径</param>
public IniFileHelper(string filePath)
{
this.FilePath = filePath;
}
#region 读
/// <summary>
/// 读Int数值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sectionName">节</param>
/// <param name="keyName">键</param>
/// <param name="noVal">默认值</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public int ReadInt(string sectionName, string keyName, int noVal = 0)
{
return GetPrivateProfileInt(sectionName, keyName, noVal, this.FilePath);
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取String值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sectionName"></param>
/// <param name="keyName"></param>
/// <param name="noText">如果没有查到则返回该值</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string ReadString(string sectionName, string keyName, string noText = "")
{
return ReadString(sectionName, keyName, FilePath, noText);
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取String值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sectionName"></param>
/// <param name="keyName"></param>
/// <param name="filePath">文件路径</param>
/// <param name="noText">如果没有查到则返回该值</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string ReadString(string sectionName, string keyName, string filePath, string noText = "")
{
if (File.Exists(filePath))
{
StringBuilder sBuilder = new StringBuilder(1024);
GetPrivateProfileString(sectionName, keyName, noText, sBuilder, 1024, filePath);
return sBuilder.ToString();
}
else
{
throw new Exception("没有找到文件:[" + filePath + "]");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取所有Section
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public List<string> ReadAllSectionNames()
{
return ReadAllSectionNames(this.FilePath);
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取 文件的所有 SectionName
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件路径</param>
/// <returns>字符串集合</returns>
public static List<string> ReadAllSectionNames(string filePath)
{
List<string> result = new List<string>();
Byte[] bytes = new Byte[65536];
uint len = GetPrivateProfileString(null!, null!, null!, bytes, bytes.Length, filePath);
int j = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
if (bytes[i] == 0)
{
result.Add(Encoding.Default.GetString(bytes, j, i - j));
j = i + 1;
}
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取 SectionName 下 所有的keys
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sectionName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public List<string> ReadKeys(String sectionName)
{
return ReadKeys(sectionName, FilePath);
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取 SectionName 下 所有的keys
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sectionName"></param>
/// <param name="filePath"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static List<string> ReadKeys(string sectionName, string filePath)
{
List<string> result = new List<string>();
Byte[] bytes = new Byte[65536];
uint len = GetPrivateProfileString(sectionName, null!, null!, bytes, bytes.Length, filePath);
int j = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
if (bytes[i] == 0)
{
result.Add(Encoding.Default.GetString(bytes, j, i - j));
j = i + 1;
}
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取所有的 section和 key
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, string>> ReadAllSectionAndKeys()
{
return ReadAllSectionAndKeys(FilePath);
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取所有的 section和 key
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, string>> ReadAllSectionAndKeys(string filePath)
{
var resDictionary = new Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, string>>();
List<string> allSectionList = ReadAllSectionNames(filePath);
foreach (var item in allSectionList)
{
List<string> allKeyList = ReadKeys(item, filePath);
Dictionary<string, string> dataDictionary = new Dictionary<string, string>();
foreach (var child in allKeyList)
{
string sVal = ReadString(item, child, filePath);
dataDictionary.Add(child, sVal);
}
resDictionary.Add(item, dataDictionary);
}
return resDictionary;
}
#endregion 读
#region 写
/// <summary>
/// 新增/修改 (如果存在则修改,否则添加,没有文件会创建)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sectionName"></param>
/// <param name="keyName"></param>
/// <param name="sVal"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool WriteString(string sectionName, string keyName, string sVal)
{
return WriteString(sectionName, keyName, sVal, FilePath);
}
/// <summary>
/// 新增/修改 (如果存在则修改,否则添加,没有文件会创建)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sectionName"></param>
/// <param name="keyName"></param>
/// <param name="sVal"></param>
/// <param name="filePath">文件地址</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool WriteString(string sectionName, string keyName, string sVal, string filePath)
{
long res = WritePrivateProfileString(sectionName, keyName, sVal, filePath);
if (res == 0)
{
return false;
}
else
{
return true;
}
}
#endregion 写
#region 删除
/// <summary>
/// 删除指定的 Section
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sectionName"></param>
public void DeleteSection(string sectionName)
{
WritePrivateProfileString(sectionName, null!, null!, this.FilePath);
}
/// <summary>
/// 删除全部 Section
/// </summary>
public void DeleteAllSection()
{
WritePrivateProfileString(null!, null!, null!, this.FilePath);
}
/// <summary>
/// 删除指定的 key
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sectionName"></param>
/// <param name="keyName"></param>
public void DeleteKey(string sectionName, string keyName)
{
WritePrivateProfileString(sectionName, keyName, null!, this.FilePath);
}
#endregion 删除
}
public class IniDictionaryHelper
{
#region 自定义读取
/// <summary>
/// 容器
/// </summary>
private Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, string>> _dataDictionary = new Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, string>>();
public IniDictionaryHelper(string filePath)
{
// 获取所有的 section和 key
this._dataDictionary = IniFileHelper.ReadAllSectionAndKeys(filePath);
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取key的值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sectionName"></param>
/// <param name="keyName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string Get(string sectionName, string keyName)
{
if (_dataDictionary.ContainsKey(sectionName))
{
var item = _dataDictionary[sectionName];
if (item.ContainsKey(keyName))
{
return item[keyName];
}
}
return string.Empty;
}
#endregion 自定义读取
}
}