2^x mod n = 1
Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 13617 Accepted Submission(s): 4212
Problem Description
Give a number n, find the minimum x(x>0) that satisfies 2^x mod n = 1.
Input
One positive integer on each line, the value of n.
Output
If the minimum x exists, print a line with 2^x mod n = 1.
Print 2^? mod n = 1 otherwise.
You should replace x and n with specific numbers.
Print 2^? mod n = 1 otherwise.
You should replace x and n with specific numbers.
Sample Input
2 5
Sample Output
2^? mod 2 = 1 2^4 mod 5 = 1
思路 一 费马小定理的运用:
n为偶数时 不会存在x 使得 2 的 x次方 对n取余为1;
n为1时也不会存在;
n为非1奇数时,则gcd(n,2)==1,故必存在一值x使得 2 的 x次方 对n取余为1。
思路 二
用到数论上的乘法逆元的规律了。
乘法逆元:对于整数a、p如果存在整数b,满足a*b mod p = 1,则称
b是a的模p的乘法逆元。a存在模p的乘法逆元的充要条件是gcd(a,p) = 1
此题中,令a = 2^x,b = 1,p = n,则若存在x使得2^x mod N = 1,
则gcd(2^x,N) = 1。
1>.因为N>0,当N为偶数时,gcd(2^x,N) = 2*k(k=1,2,3……),不满足
2>.当N为奇数时,gcd(2^x,N) = 1满足条件。
3>.当N为1时,2^x mod N = 0,不符合条件
所以N为奇数,且不为1,满足2^x mod N = 1,暴力求解。