Hibernate的映射关系

1、单向一对一

User1.java

@Entity
public class User1 {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    // CascadeType.ALL为级联操作
    @OneToOne(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    // name为外键列名，unique为true表示本外键不可重复
    @JoinColumn(name = "hobby_id", unique = true)
    private Hobby1 hobby;

    //省略getter setter
    ...
}

Hobby1.java

//普通持久化模型
@Entity
public class Hobby1 {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;

    //省略getter setter
    ...
}

测试:

 @Test
    public void test01() {
        Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
        SessionFactory sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
        Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
        session.beginTransaction();
        
        Hobby1 hobby = new Hobby1();
        hobby.setName("coding");
        User1 user = new User1();
        user.setName("renhq");
        user.setHobby(hobby);
        //此处只保存use即可，因为user设置了级联cascade = CascadeType.ALL
        session.save(user);

        session.getTransaction().commit();
    }

表关系：

hobby_id为外键参照表hobby1主键id

2、双向一对一

@Entity
public class User2 {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToOne(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    @JoinColumn(name = "hobby_id", unique = true)
    private Hobby2 hobby2;    //本属性名为从表中mappedBy 

    //省略getter setter
    ...
}

@Entity
public class Hobby2 {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToOne(mappedBy = "hobby2")//mappedBy指定由对方来进行维护关联关系,hobby2为User中的属性名
    private User2 user;

    ...
}

单向一对一与双向一对一区别：双向中的被控放包含一个属性指向控制方，就是Hobby2中的user属性。但是hobby2表中并没有外键关联user，在查询Hobby时Hibernate使用连接查询。

表关系：

3、单向一对多

@Entity
public class User3 {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    //FetchType.LAZY 懒加载
    //FetchType.EAGER 即时加载
    @OneToMany(targetEntity = Hobby3.class, cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    //name值Hobby3外键列名，referencedColumnName值Hobby3表参考外键列名，这里指User3.id
    @JoinColumn(name = "hobby3_id", referencedColumnName = "id")
    private Set<Hobby3> hobby3Set;
    
    ...
}

@Entity
public class Hobby3 {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    
    ...
}

One拥有一个Set集合存放N，而N一方的表中拥有外键指向One一方，外键参考列由referencedColumnName 指定One中的一列。

表关系：

4、单向多对一

@Entity
public class Student {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @ManyToOne(targetEntity = School.class, cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    private School school;
    
    ...
}

@Entity
public class School {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;

    ...
}

表结构：

5、双向一对多/多对一

@Entity
public class Student1 {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @ManyToOne(targetEntity = Teacher.class, cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    private Teacher teacher;

    ...
}

@Entity
public class Teacher {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(targetEntity = Student1.class, cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    private Set<Student1> student1s;

    ...
}

测试：

 @Test
    public void test() {
        Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
        SessionFactory sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
        Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
        session.beginTransaction();

        Student1 student11 = new Student1();
        Student1 student12 = new Student1();
        Student1 student13 = new Student1();
        student11.setName("张三");
        student12.setName("李四");
        student13.setName("王五");
        Set<Student1> t1 = new HashSet<Student1>();
        t1.add(student11);
        t1.add(student12);
        Set<Student1> t2 = new HashSet<Student1>();
        t2.add(student12);
        t2.add(student13);
        Teacher teacher1 = new Teacher();
        Teacher teacher2 = new Teacher();
        teacher1.setName("张老师");
        teacher1.setStudent1s(t1);
        teacher2.setName("李老师");
        teacher2.setStudent1s(t2);
        session.save(teacher1);
        session.save(teacher2);
        session.getTransaction().commit();
    }

表结构(Hibernate创建了连接表):

6、单向多对多

关系由User4维护

@Entity
public class User4 {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @ManyToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    @JoinTable(
            name = "user4_hobby4_jointable",
            joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "user_id"),
            inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "hobby_id")
    )
    private Set<Hobby4> hobby4s;

    ...
}

@Entity
public class Hobby4 {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;

    ...
}

表结构：

测试：

        Hobby4 hobby41 = new Hobby4();
        Hobby4 hobby42 = new Hobby4();
        hobby41.setName("coding");
        hobby42.setName("gril");
        Set<Hobby4> hobby4s = new HashSet<Hobby4>();
        hobby4s.add(hobby41);
        hobby4s.add(hobby42);
        User4 user41 = new User4();
        user41.setName("renhq");
        user41.setHobby4s(hobby4s);
        session.save(user41);

数据：

7、双向多对多

Hobby添加Set<User> 并将控制权交给User，此时还是会有连接表所以表结构并没有改变。

@Entity
public class User5 {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @ManyToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    @JoinTable(
            name = "user5_hobby5_jointable",
            joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "user_id"),
            inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "hobby_id")
    )
    private Set<Hobby5> hobby5s;

    ...
}

@Entity
public class Hobby5 {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy = "hobby5s")
    private Set<User5> user5s;

    ...
}

表结构：

 

测试以及结果同上。