python--元组和字典

1.元组

格式：aTuple=(23,35,56,34,11,21)

访问元组，通过索引取数据

aTuple=(23,35,56,34,11,21)

print(aTuple[2])

#56

查询个数

count查询出现的个数

aTuple=('b','c','d','e','f','g')

print(aTuple.count('d'))

#1

查询索引

index：查询元素的索引，有对应的元素返回对应的索引，否则报错

有对应的元素

aTuple=('b','c','d','e','f','g')

print(aTuple.index('d',0,4))

#2

修改数据(不能修改)

aTuple=('b','c','d','e','f','g')

aTuple[1]=23

#TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment

类型转换

列表转换元组

aa = [23,34,45,56,67]

tuple(aa)

print(aa)

#[23, 34, 45, 56, 67]

元组转换列表

aTuple=('b','c','d','e','f','g')

a = list(aTuple)

print(a)

#['b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g']

元组的循环取值

方式一：for

aTuple=('b','c','d','e','f','g')

for i in aTuple:

        print(i)

方式二：while

aTuple=('b','c','d','e','f','g')

i=0 while i < len(aTuple):

        print(aTuple[i])

        i=i+1

2.字典

字典的格式

变量名={key1:value,key2:value,,,}

字典的每个元素由2部分组成，键（key）:值（value）

根据键访问值

info = {"name":"jack","age":12,"sex":"男"}

print(info["name"])

#jack

修改元素

字典的每个元素中的数据是可以修改的，只要通过key找到，即可修改,否则是新增

info = {"name":"jack","age":12,"sex":"男"}

info["age"] =14

print(info)

#{'name': 'jack', 'age': 14, 'sex': '男'}

添加元素

info = {"name":"jack","age":12,"sex":"男"}

info["gender"] ="属鸡"

print(info)

#{'name': 'jack', 'age': 12, 'sex': '男', 'gender': '属鸡'}

删除元素

del,clear() ---- 清空

删除指定的元素

删除整个字典

info = {"name":"jack","age":12,"sex":"男"}

del info

print(info)

#NameError: name 'info' is not defined

删除某个元素

info = {"name":"jack","age":12,"sex":"男"}

del info["name"]

print(info)

#{'age': 12, 'sex': '男'}

查询长度

len():查询键值对的个数

info = {"name":"jack","age":12,"sex":"男"}

print(len(info))

#3

字典中循环

取出字典中的key

info = {"name":"jack","age":12,"sex":"男"}

for i in info.keys():

        print(i)

取出字典中的value

info = {"name":"jack","age":12,"sex":"男"}

for i in info.values():

         print(i)

取出字典中的key和value

方式一：

info = {"name":"jack","age":12,"sex":"男"}

for i in info.keys():

        print(i,info[i])

方式二：

info = {"name":"jack","age":12,"sex":"男"}

for k,v in info.items():

        print(k,v)

enumerate()实现索引的遍历

names=["jack","tom","Meachal"]

for i,chr in enumerate(names):

        print(i,chr)