Spring Boot_2

实际应⽤

JSTL

1. pom.xml

<dependency>
 <groupId>jstl</groupId>
 <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
 <version>1.2</version>
</dependency> <dependency>
 <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
 <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
 <version>1.18.10</version>
</dependency>

Lombok 的功能是简化实体类代码的编写⼯作，常⽤的⽅法 getter、setter、toString 等⽅法都可以由Lombok ⾃动⽣成，开发者不需要⾃⼰⼿动编写，Lombok 的使⽤需要安装插件。
2. 创建实体类

package com.southwind.entity;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {
 private Integer id;
 private String name; }

3. Handler 中创建业务⽅法，返回 User 对象

package com.southwind.controller;
import com.southwind.entity.User;
import com.southwind.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserHandler {
 @Autowired
 private UserService userService;
 @GetMapping("/findAll")
 public ModelAndView findAll(){
 ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
 modelAndView.setViewName("index");
 modelAndView.addObject("list",userService.findAll());
 return modelAndView;
 }
 @GetMapping("findById/{id}")
 public ModelAndView findById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
 ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
 modelAndView.setViewName("update");
 modelAndView.addObject("user",userService.findById(id));
 return modelAndView;
 }
 @PostMapping("/save")
 public String save(User user){
 userService.save(user);
 return "redirect:/user/findAll";
 }
 @GetMapping("/deleteById/{id}")
 public String deleteById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
 userService.deleteById(id);
 return "redirect:/user/findAll";
 }
 @PostMapping("/update")
 public String update(User user){
 userService.update(user);
 return "redirect:/user/findAll";
 }
}

4. Service

package com.southwind.service;
import com.southwind.entity.User;
import java.util.Collection;
public interface UserService {
 public Collection<User> findAll();
 public User findById(Integer id);
 public void save(User user);
 public void deleteById(Integer id);
 public void update(User user);
}

package com.southwind.service.impl;
import com.southwind.entity.User;
import com.southwind.repository.UserRepository;
import com.southwind.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.Collection;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
 @Autowired
 private UserRepository userRepository;
 @Override
 public Collection<User> findAll() {
 return userRepository.findAll();
 }
 @Override
 public User findById(Integer id) {
 return userRepository.findById(id);
 }
 @Override
 public void save(User user) {
 userRepository.save(user);
 }
 @Override
 public void deleteById(Integer id) {
 userRepository.deleteById(id);
 }
 @Override
 public void update(User user) {
 userRepository.update(user);
 }
}

5. Repository

package com.southwind.repository;
import com.southwind.entity.User;
import java.util.Collection;
public interface UserRepository {
 public Collection<User> findAll();
 public User findById(Integer id);
 public void save(User user);
 public void deleteById(Integer id);
 public void update(User user);
}

package com.southwind.repository.impl;
import com.southwind.entity.User;
import com.southwind.repository.UserRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Repository
public class UserRepositoryImpl implements UserRepository {
 private static Map<Integer,User> map;
 static {
 map = new HashMap<>();
 map.put(1,new User(1,"张三"));
 map.put(2,new User(2,"李四"));
 map.put(3,new User(3,"王五"));
 }
 @Override
 public Collection<User> findAll() {
 return map.values();
 }
 @Override
 public User findById(Integer id) {
 return map.get(id);
 }
 @Override
 public void save(User user) {
 map.put(user.getId(),user);
 }
 @Override
 public void deleteById(Integer id) {
 map.remove(id);
 }
 @Override
 public void update(User user) {
 map.put(user.getId(),user);
 }
}

6. JSP

<%--
 Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
 User: southwind
 Date: 2020-02-23
 Time: 18:03
 To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html> <head>
 <title>Title</title>
</head> <body>
 <h1>Index</h1>
 <table>
 <tr>
 <th>编号</th>
 <th>姓名</th>
 <th>操作</th>
 </tr>
 <c:forEach items="${list}" var="user">
 <tr>
 <td>${user.id}</td>
 <td>${user.name}</td>
 <td>
 <a href="/user/deleteById/${user.id}">删除</a>
 <a href="/user/findById/${user.id}">修改</a>
 </td>
 </tr>
 </c:forEach>
 </table>
</body>
</html>

<%--
 Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
 User: southwind
 Date: 2020-02-24
 Time: 13:04
 To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html> <head>
 <title>Title</title>
</head> <body>
 <form action="/user/save" method="post">
 <input type="text" name="id"/><br/>
 <input type="text" name="name"/><br/>
 <input type="submit"/>
 </form>
</body>
</html>

<%--
 Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
 User: southwind
  Date: 2020-02-24
 Time: 13:04
 To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
<html> <head>
 <title>Title</title>
</head> <body>
 <form action="/user/update" method="post">
 <input type="text" name="id" value="${user.id}" readonly/><br/>
 <input type="text" name="name" value="${user.name}"/><br/>
 <input type="submit"/>
 </form>
</body>
</html>

Spring Boot 整合 Thymeleaf

Thymeleaf 是⽬前较为流⾏的视图层技术，Spring Boot 官⽅推荐使⽤ Thymeleaf。

什么是 Thymeleaf

Thymeleaf 是⼀个⽀持原⽣ THML ⽂件的 Java 模版，可以实现前后端分离的交互⽅式，即视图与业务数据分开响应，它可以直接将服务端返回的数据⽣成 HTML ⽂件，同时也可以处理 XML、JavaScript、CSS 等格式。
Thymeleaf 最⼤的特点是既可以直接在浏览器打开（静态⽅式），也可以结合服务端将业务数据填充到HTML 之后动态⽣成的⻚⾯（动态⽅法），Spring Boot ⽀持 Thymeleaf，使⽤起来⾮常⽅便。

1. 创建 Maven ⼯程，不需要创建 Web ⼯程，pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <groupId>com.southwind</groupId>
 <artifactId>springbootthymeleaf</artifactId>
 <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <parent>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
 <version>2.2.4.RELEASE</version>
 </parent>
 <dependencies>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 </dependencies>
</project>

2. application.yml

spring:
 thymeleaf:
 prefix: classpath:/templates/ #模版路径
 suffix: .html #模版后缀
 servlet:
 content-type: text/html #设置 Content-type
 encoding: UTF-8 #编码⽅式
 mode: HTML5 #校验 H5 格式
 cache: false #关闭缓存，在开发过程中可以⽴即看到⻚⾯修改的结果

3. 创建Handler

package com.southwind.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class HelloHandler {
 @GetMapping("/index")
 public ModelAndView index(){
 ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
 modelAndView.setViewName("index");
 modelAndView.addObject("name","张三");
  return modelAndView;
 }
}

4. 启动类

package com.southwind;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
 }
}

5. HTML

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"> <html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>Title</title>
</head> <body>
 <h1>Index</h1>
 <p th:text="${name}">Hello World</p>
</body>
</html>

如果需要加载后台返回的业务数据，则需要在 HTML ⻚⾯中使⽤ Thymeleaf 模版标签来完成。

1. 需要引⼊模版标签。

<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

2. 通过特定的标签完成操作。

<p th:text="${name}">Hello World</p>

Thymeleaf 模版标签不同于 JSTL，Thymeleaf 模版标签是直接嵌⼊到 HTML 原⽣标签内部。

Thymeleaf 常⽤标签

• ⭐th:text
  th:text ⽤于⽂本的显示，将业务数据的值填充到 HTML 标签中。
• ⭐th:if
  th:if ⽤于条件判断，对业务数据的值进⾏判断，如果条件成⽴，则显示内容，否则不显示，具体的使⽤如下所示。

@GetMapping("/if")
public ModelAndView ifTest(){
 ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
 modelAndView.setViewName("test");
 modelAndView.addObject("score",90);
 return modelAndView; }

<p th:if="${score>=90}">优秀</p> <p th:if="${score<90}">良好</p>

• ⭐th:unless
  th:unless 也⽤作条件判断，逻辑与 th:if 恰好相反，如果条件不成⽴则显示，否则不显示。

@GetMapping("/unless")
public ModelAndView unlessTest(){
 ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
 modelAndView.setViewName("test");
 modelAndView.addObject("score",90);
 return modelAndView; }

<p th:unless="${score>=90}">优秀</p> <p th:unless="${score<90}">良好</p>

• ⭐th:switch th:case
  th:switch th:case 两个结合起来使⽤，⽤作多条件等值判断，逻辑与 Java 中的 switch-case ⼀致，当switch 中的业务数据等于某个 case 时，就显示该 case 对应的内容。

@GetMapping("/switch")
public ModelAndView switchTest(){
 ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
 modelAndView.setViewName("test");
 modelAndView.addObject("studentId",1);
 return modelAndView; }

<div th:switch="${studentId}">
 <p th:case="1">张三</p>
 <p th:case="2">李四</p>
 <p th:case="3">王五</p>
</div>

• ⭐th:action
  ⽤来指定请求的 URL，相当于 form 表单中的 action 属性

<form th:action="@{/hello/login}" method="post">
 <input type="submit"/>
</form>

@GetMapping("/redirect/{url}")
public String redirect(@PathVariable("url") String url, Model model){
 model.addAttribute("url","/hello/login");
 return url; }

<form th:action="${url}" method="post">
 <input type="submit"/>
</form>

如果 action 的值直接写在 HTML 中，则需要使⽤ @{}，如果是从后台传来的数据，则使⽤${}。

• ⭐th:each
  ⽤来遍历集合

package com.southwind.entity;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {
 private Integer id;
 private String name; }
@GetMapping("/each")
public ModelAndView each(){
 List<User> list = Arrays.asList(
 new User(1,"张三"),
 new User(2,"李四"),
 new User(3,"王五"));
 ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
 modelAndView.setViewName("test");
 modelAndView.addObject("list",list);
 return modelAndView; }

<table>
 <tr>
 <th>编号</th>
 <th>姓名</th>
 </tr>
 <tr th:each="user:${list}">
 <td th:text="${user.id}"></td>
 <td th:text="${user.name}"></td>
 </tr>
</table>

• ⭐th:value
  用来给标签赋值

@GetMapping("/value")
public ModelAndView value(){
 ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
 modelAndView.setViewName("test");
 modelAndView.addObject("value","Spring Boot");
 return modelAndView; }

<input type="text" th:value="${value}"/>

• ⭐th:src
  ⽤来引⼊静态资源，相当于 HTML 原⽣标签 img、script 的 src 属性。
  图⽚，css，js，静态加载的 html 都需要放置在 resources/static ⽂件中

@GetMapping("/src")
public ModelAndView src(){
 ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
 modelAndView.setViewName("test");
 modelAndView.addObject("src","/1.png");
 return modelAndView; }

<img th:src="${src}"/>

• ⭐th:href
  ⽤作设置超链接的 href

@GetMapping("/href")
public ModelAndView href(){
 ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
 modelAndView.setViewName("test");
 modelAndView.addObject("href","https://www.baidu.com");
 return modelAndView; }

<a th:href="${href}">百度</a>

• ⭐th:selected
  ⽤作给 HTML 元素设置选中，条件成⽴则选中，否则不选中。

@GetMapping("/select")
public ModelAndView select(){
 List<User> list = Arrays.asList(
 new User(1,"张三"),
 new User(2,"李四"),
 new User(3,"王五")
 );
 ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
 modelAndView.setViewName("test");
 modelAndView.addObject("list",list);
 modelAndView.addObject("name","李四");
 return modelAndView; }

<select>
 <option
 th:each="user:${list}"
 th:value="${user.id}"
 th:text="${user.name}"
 th:selected="${user.name == name}"
 ></option>
</select>

结合 th:each 来使⽤，⾸先遍历 list 集合动态创建 option 元素，根据每次遍历出的 user.name 与业务数据中的 name 是否相等来决定是否要选择。

• ⭐th:attr
  给 HTML 标签的任意属性赋值

@GetMapping("/attr")
public ModelAndView attr(){
 ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
 modelAndView.setViewName("test");
 modelAndView.addObject("attr","Spring Boot");
 return modelAndView; }

<input th:attr="value=${attr}"/><br/>
<input th:value="${attr}"/>