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最新推荐文章于 2022-06-12 17:06:05 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-06-12 17:06:05 发布

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分类专栏： Spring Java技术栈文章标签： spring hibernate java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37570991/article/details/120714306

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Spring Boot 整合 Spring Data JPA

Spring Data JPA 是 Spring Data ⼤家族的⼀员

JPA 和 Spring Data JPA 的关系

JPA （Java Persistence API）Java 持久层规范，定义了⼀系列 ORM 接⼝，它本身是不能直接使⽤，接
⼝必须实现才能使⽤，Hibernate 框架就是⼀个实现了 JPA 规范的框架。
Spring Data JPA 是 Spring 框架提供的对 JPA 规范的抽象，通过约定的命名规范完成持久层接⼝的编写，在不需要实现接⼝的情况下，就可以完成对数据库的操作。
简单理解，通过 Spring Data JPA 只需要定义接⼝⽽不需要实现，就能完成 CRUD 操作。
Spring Data JPA 本身并不是⼀个具体的实现，它只是⼀个抽象层，底层还是需要 Hibernate 这样的 JPA来提供⽀持。

Spring Data JPA 和 Spring JdbcTemplate 的关系

Spring JdbcTemplate 是 Spring 框架提供的⼀套操作数据库的模版，Spring Data JPA 是 JPA 的抽象。

pom.xml

<!-- Spring Boot集成 Spring Data JPA -->
<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>

实体类，完成实体类与数据表的映射

package com.southwind.jpa.entity;
import lombok.Data;
import javax.persistence.*;
@Data
@Entity(name = "t_user")
public class User {
 @Id
 @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
 private Integer id;
 @Column
 private String username;
 @Column
 private String password;
 @Column
 private Integer age; }

⭐@Entity 将实体类与数据表进⾏映射
⭐@Id 将实体类中的成员变量与数据表的主键进⾏映射，⼀般都是 id
⭐@GeneratedValue 表示⾃动⽣成主键，strategy 为主键选择⽣成策略
⭐@Column 将实体类中的成员变量与数据表的普通字段进⾏映射

创建 UserRepository

package com.southwind.jpa.repository;
import com.southwind.entity.User;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Integer> {
}

创建Handler

package com.southwind.controller.jpa;
import com.southwind.jpa.entity.User;
import com.southwind.jpa.repository.JpaUserRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.List;
@RestController("/jpaHandler")
@RequestMapping("/jpauser")
public class UserHandler {
 @Autowired
 private JpaUserRepository userRepository;
 @GetMapping("/findAll")
 public List<User> findAll(){
 return userRepository.findAll();
 }
 @GetMapping("/findById/{id}")
 public User findById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
 return userRepository.findById(id).get();
 }
 @PostMapping("/save")
 public void save(@RequestBody User user){
 userRepository.save(user);
 }
 @PutMapping("/update")
 public void update(@RequestBody User user){
 userRepository.save(user);
 }
 @DeleteMapping("/deleteById/{id}")
 public void deleteById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
 userRepository.deleteById(id);
 }
}

application.yml

spring:
 datasource:
 url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?
useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
 username: root
 password: root
 jpa:
 show-sql: true
 properties:
 hibernate:
 format_sql: true

在继承 JpaRepsitory 的基础上，开发者也可以⾃定义⽅法。

@GetMapping("/findByUserName/{username}")
public User findByUserName(@PathVariable("username") String username){
 return userRepository.findByUsername(username);
}

Spring Boot 整合 Spring Security

创建 Maven ⼯程，pom.xml

<dependencies>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
 </dependency>
</dependencies>

Handler

package com.southwind.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
@Controller
public class SecurityHandler {
 @GetMapping("/index")
 public String index(){
 return "index";
 }
}

HTML

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"> <head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>Title</title>
</head> <body>
 <p>index</p>
 <form method="post" action="/logout">
 <input type="submit" value="退出"/>
 </form>
</body>
</html>

application.yml

spring:
 thymeleaf:
 prefix: classpath:/templates/
 suffix: .html

Application

package com.southwind;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
 }
}

在这里插入图片描述

输⼊⽤户名、密码才可以进⾏访问，默认的⽤户名是 user，密码是启动 Spring Security ⾃动⽣成的随机密码。
在这里插入图片描述

⾃定义⽤户密码

spring:
 thymeleaf:
 prefix: classpath:/templates/
 suffix: .html
 security:
 user:
 name: admin
 password: 123123

权限管理

在这里插入图片描述

定义两个资源

⭐index.html
⭐admin.html
定义两个⻆⾊
⭐ADMIN 访问 index.html 和 admin.html
⭐USER 访问 index.html

创建 SecurityConfig类

package com.southwind.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import
org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.Authent
icationManagerBuilder;
import
org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import
org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecu
rity;
import
org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityCo
nfigurerAdapter;
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
 /**
 * ⻆⾊和资源的关系
 * @param http
 * @throws Exception
 */
 @Override
 protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
 http.authorizeRequests()
 .antMatchers("/admin").hasRole("ADMIN")
 .antMatchers("/index").access("hasRole('ADMIN') or
hasRole('USER')")
 .anyRequest().authenticated()
 .and()
 .formLogin()
 .loginPage("/login")
 .permitAll()
 .and()
 .logout()
 .permitAll()
 .and()
 .csrf()
 .disable();
 }
 /**
 * ⽤户和⻆⾊的关系
 * @param auth
 * @throws Exception
 */
 @Override
 protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws
Exception {
 auth.inMemoryAuthentication().passwordEncoder(new MyPasswordEncoder())
 .withUser("user").password(new MyPasswordEncoder()
 .encode("000")).roles("USER")
 .and()
 .withUser("admin").password(new MyPasswordEncoder()
 .encode("123")).roles("ADMIN","USER");
 }
}

⾃定义 MyPassowrdEncoder

package com.southwind.config;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
public class MyPasswordEncoder implements PasswordEncoder {
 @Override
 public String encode(CharSequence charSequence) {
 return charSequence.toString();
 }
 @Override
 public boolean matches(CharSequence charSequence, String s) {
 return s.equals(charSequence.toString());
 }
}

Handler

package com.southwind.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
@Controller
public class SecurityHandler {
 @GetMapping("/index")
 public String index(){
 return "index";
 }
 @GetMapping("/admin")
 public String admin(){
 return "admin";
 }
 @GetMapping("/login")
 public String login(){
 return "login";
 }
}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"> <html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>Title</title>
</head> <body>
 <p th:if="${param.error}">
 ⽤户名或密码错误
 </p>
 <form th:action="@{/login}" method="post">
 ⽤户名：<input type="text" name="username"/><br/>
 密码：<input type="password" name="password"/><br/>
 <input type="submit" value="登录"/>
 </form>
</body>
</html>

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"> <head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>Title</title>
</head> <body>
 <p>欢迎回来</p>
 <form method="post" action="/logout">
 <input type="submit" value="退出"/>
 </form>
</body>
</html>

admin.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"> <head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>Title</title>
</head> <body>
 <p>后台管理系统</p>
 <form method="post" action="/logout">
 <input type="submit" value="退出"/>
 </form>
</body>
</html>

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Spring Boot_4

Spring Boot 整合 Spring Data JPASpring Data JPA 是 Spring Data ⼤家族的⼀员JPA 和 Spring Data JPA 的关系JPA （Java Persistence API）Java 持久层规范，定义了⼀系列 ORM 接⼝，它本身是不能直接使⽤，接⼝必须实现才能使⽤，Hibernate 框架就是⼀个实现了 JPA 规范的框架。Spring Data JPA 是 Spring 框架提供的对 JPA 规范的抽象，通过约定的命名规范完成持久层接
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