HttpClient简单使用

导入pom文件

        <!--HttpClient-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>4.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--httpclient缓存-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient-cache</artifactId>
            <version>4.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--http的mime类型都在这里面-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/fastjson -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.56</version>
        </dependency>

工具方法

import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.auth.AuthScope;
import org.apache.http.auth.UsernamePasswordCredentials;
import org.apache.http.client.CredentialsProvider;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.*;
import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCredentialsProvider;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.params.CoreConnectionPNames;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class HttpClientUtil {

    private HttpClientUtil() {
    }

    public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> param) {

        // 创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        String resultString = "";
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            // 创建uri
            URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);
            if (param != null) {
                for (String key : param.keySet()) {
                    builder.addParameter(key, param.get(key));
                }
            }
            URI uri = builder.build();

            // 创建http GET请求
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);

            // 执行请求
            response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
            // 判断返回状态是否为200
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (response != null) {
                    response.close();
                }
                httpclient.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return resultString;
    }

    public static String doGet(String url) {
        return doGet(url, null);
    }

    public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, Object> param) {
        // 创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String resultString = "";
        try {
            // 创建Http Post请求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            // 创建参数列表
            if (param != null) {
                List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList<>();
                for (String key : param.keySet()) {
                    paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, (String) param.get(key)));
                }
                // 模拟表单
                UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList);
                httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            }
            // 执行http请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (response != null) {
                    response.close();
                }
                httpClient.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return resultString;
    }

    public static String doPost(String url) {
        return doPost(url, null);
    }

    public static String doPostJson(String url, String json, String token_header) throws Exception {
        // 创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String resultString = "";
        try {
            // 创建Http Post请求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            // 创建请求内容
            httpPost.setHeader("HTTP Method", "POST");
            httpPost.setHeader("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
            httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");
            httpPost.setHeader("x-authentication-token", token_header);

            StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json);

            entity.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
            httpPost.setEntity(entity);

            // 执行http请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw e;
        } finally {
            try {
                if (response != null) {
                    response.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return resultString;
    }


    /**
     * 向远程接口发起请求，返回字符串类型结果
     *
     * @param url
     * @param requestMethod
     * @param params
     * @param cookie
     * @param auth
     * @return
     */
    public static String httpRequestToString(String url, String requestMethod,
                                             Map<String, String> params, String cookie, String... auth) {
        //接口返回结果
        String methodResult = null;
        try {
            String parameters = "";
            boolean hasParams = false;
            //将参数集合拼接成特定格式
            for (String key : params.keySet()) {
                String value = URLEncoder.encode(params.get(key), "UTF-8");
                parameters += key + "=" + value + "&";
                hasParams = true;
            }
            if (hasParams) {
                parameters = parameters.substring(0, parameters.length() - 1);
            }
            //是否为GET方式请求
            boolean isGet = "get".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod);
            boolean isPost = "post".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod);
            boolean isPut = "put".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod);
            boolean isDelete = "delete".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod);

            //创建HttpClient连接对象
            DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
            HttpRequestBase method = null;
            if (isGet) {
                url += "?" + parameters;
                method = new HttpGet(url);
            } else if (isPost) {
                method = new HttpPost(url);
                HttpPost postMethod = (HttpPost) method;
                StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(parameters);
                postMethod.setEntity(entity);
            } else if (isPut) {
                method = new HttpPut(url);
                HttpPut putMethod = (HttpPut) method;
                StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(parameters);
                putMethod.setEntity(entity);
            } else if (isDelete) {
                url += "?" + parameters;
                method = new HttpDelete(url);
            }
            method.getParams().setParameter(CoreConnectionPNames.CONNECTION_TIMEOUT, 6000);
            //设置参数内容类型
            method.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            method.addHeader("Cookie", cookie);
            //httpClient本地上下文
            HttpClientContext context = null;
            if (!(auth == null || auth.length == 0)) {
                String username = auth[0];
                String password = auth[1];
                UsernamePasswordCredentials credt = new UsernamePasswordCredentials(username, password);
                //凭据提供器
                CredentialsProvider provider = new BasicCredentialsProvider();
                //凭据的匹配范围
                provider.setCredentials(AuthScope.ANY, credt);
                context = HttpClientContext.create();
                context.setCredentialsProvider(provider);
            }
            //访问接口，返回状态码
            CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(method, context);
            //返回状态码200，则访问接口成功
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                methodResult = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
            }
            client.close();
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        return methodResult;
    }


}

测试代码：

推荐博客：https://blog.csdn.net/w372426096/article/details/82713315