基于redis的点赞功能的实现

概要

项目主要基于springboot结合redis 进行设计，每当用户点赞、取消点赞时，将操作信息存储入redis中，然后通过定时任务的方式每隔一段时间进行redis向mysql数据库中数据的存储操作

实现

数据库的结构

| Field         | Type        | Null | Key | Default           | Extra                                         |
+---------------+-------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| id            | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | NULL              | auto_increment                                |
| liked_user_id | varchar(32) | NO   | MUL | NULL              |                                               |
| liked_post_id | varchar(32) | NO   | MUL | NULL              |                                               |
| status        | tinyint(1)  | YES  |     | 1                 |                                               |
| create_time   | timestamp   | NO   |     | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | DEFAULT_GENERATED                             |
| update_time   | timestamp   | NO   |     | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | DEFAULT_GENERATED on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |

对应的对象类

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class UserLike {
    //主键id
    private Integer id;

    //被点赞的用户的id
    private String likedUserId;

    //点赞的用户的id
    private String likedPostId;

    //点赞的状态.默认未点赞
    private Integer status = LikedStatusEnum.UNLIKE.getCode();

    public UserLike(String likedPostId,String likedUserId,Integer status){
        this.likedPostId=likedPostId;
        this.likedUserId=likedUserId;
        this.status=status;

    }
}

导入redis的依赖包

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>

设置redis的连接依赖

spring.redis.database=0
spring.redis.host=xx.xx.xx.xxx
spring.redis.password=xxxxx
spring.redis.port=6379

启动类

加上@Cacheable注解

功能接口

public interface RedisService {
    /**
     * 点赞。状态为1
     * @param likedUserId
     * @param likedPostId
     */
    void saveLiked2Redis(String likedUserId, String likedPostId);

    /**
     * 取消点赞。将状态改变为0
     * @param likedUserId
     * @param likedPostId
     */
    void unlikeFromRedis(String likedUserId, String likedPostId);

    /**
     * 从Redis中删除一条点赞数据
     * @param likedUserId
     * @param likedPostId
     */
    void deleteLikedFromRedis(String likedUserId, String likedPostId);

    /**
     * 该用户的点赞数加1
     * @param likedUserId
     */
    void incrementLikedCount(String likedUserId);

    /**
     * 该用户的点赞数减1
     * @param likedUserId
     */
    void decrementLikedCount(String likedUserId);

    /**
     * 获取Redis中存储的所有点赞数据
     * @return
     */
    List<UserLike> getLikedDataFromRedis();

    /**
     * 获取Redis中存储的所有点赞数量
     * @return
     */
    List<LikedCountDTO> getLikedCountFromRedis();

}

接口的实现

@Service
public class RedisServiceImpl implements RedisService {

    @Autowired
    RedisTemplate redisTemplate;

    @Autowired
    LikedService likedService;

    @Override
    public void saveLiked2Redis(String likedUserId, String likedPostId) {
        String key = RedisKeyUtils.getLikedKey(likedUserId, likedPostId);
        redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_KEY_USER_LIKED, key, LikedStatusEnum.LIKE.getCode());
    }

    @Override
    public void unlikeFromRedis(String likedUserId, String likedPostId) {
        String key = RedisKeyUtils.getLikedKey(likedUserId, likedPostId);
        redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_KEY_USER_LIKED, key, LikedStatusEnum.UNLIKE.getCode());
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteLikedFromRedis(String likedUserId, String likedPostId) {
        String key = RedisKeyUtils.getLikedKey(likedUserId, likedPostId);
        redisTemplate.opsForHash().delete(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_KEY_USER_LIKED, key);
    }

    @Override
    public void incrementLikedCount(String likedUserId) {
        redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_KEY_USER_LIKED_COUNT, likedUserId, 1);
    }

    @Override
    public void decrementLikedCount(String likedUserId) {
        redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_KEY_USER_LIKED_COUNT, likedUserId, -1);
    }

    @Override
    public List<UserLike> getLikedDataFromRedis() {
        Cursor<Map.Entry<Object, Object>> cursor = redisTemplate.opsForHash().scan(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_KEY_USER_LIKED, ScanOptions.NONE);
        List<UserLike> list = new ArrayList<>();
        while (cursor.hasNext()){
            Map.Entry<Object, Object> entry = cursor.next();
            String key = (String) entry.getKey();
            //分离出 likedUserId，likedPostId
            String[] split = key.split("::");
            String likedUserId = split[0];
            String likedPostId = split[1];
            Integer value = (Integer) entry.getValue();

            //组装成 UserLike 对象
            UserLike userLike = new UserLike(likedUserId, likedPostId, value);
            list.add(userLike);

            //存到 list 后从 Redis 中删除
            redisTemplate.opsForHash().delete(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_KEY_USER_LIKED, key);
        }
        return list;
    }

    @Override
    public List<LikedCountDTO> getLikedCountFromRedis() {
        Cursor<Map.Entry<Object, Object>> cursor = redisTemplate.opsForHash().scan(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_KEY_USER_LIKED_COUNT, ScanOptions.NONE);
        List<LikedCountDTO> list = new ArrayList<>();
        while (cursor.hasNext()){
            Map.Entry<Object, Object> map = cursor.next();
            //将点赞数量存储在 LikedCountDT
            String key = (String)map.getKey();
            LikedCountDTO dto = new LikedCountDTO(key, (Integer) map.getValue());
            list.add(dto);
            //从Redis中删除这条记录
            redisTemplate.opsForHash().delete(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_KEY_USER_LIKED_COUNT, key);
        }
        return list;
    }
}

工具类

主要实现两个id之间的合并，来作为redis存储的key。

public class RedisKeyUtils {

    //保存用户点赞数据的key
    public static final String MAP_KEY_USER_LIKED = "MAP_USER_LIKED";
    //保存用户被点赞数量的key
    public static final String MAP_KEY_USER_LIKED_COUNT = "MAP_USER_LIKED_COUNT";

    /**
     * 拼接被点赞的用户id和点赞的人的id作为key。格式 222222::333333
     * @param likedUserId 被点赞的人id
     * @param likedPostId 点赞的人的id
     * @return
     */
    public static String getLikedKey(String likedUserId, String likedPostId){
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        builder.append(likedUserId);
        builder.append("::");
        builder.append(likedPostId);
        return builder.toString();
    }
}

数据库的操作

数据库操作的接口

public interface LikedService {
    /**
     * 保存点赞记录
     * @param userLike
     * @return
     */
    UserLike save(UserLike userLike);
    /**
     * 批量保存或修改
     * @param list
     */
    List<UserLike> saveAll(List<UserLike> list);


    /**
     * 根据被点赞人的id查询点赞列表（即查询都谁给这个人点赞过）
     * @param likedUserId 被点赞人的id
     * @param pageable
     * @return
     */
    Page<UserLike> getLikedListByLikedUserId(String likedUserId, Pageable pageable);

    /**
     * 根据点赞人的id查询点赞列表（即查询这个人都给谁点赞过）
     * @param likedPostId
     * @param pageable
     * @return
     */
    Page<UserLike> getLikedListByLikedPostId(String likedPostId, Pageable pageable);

    /**
     * 通过被点赞人和点赞人id查询是否存在点赞记录
     * @param likedUserId
     * @param likedPostId
     * @return
     */
    UserLike getByLikedUserIdAndLikedPostId(String likedUserId, String likedPostId);

    /**
     * 将Redis里的点赞数据存入数据库中
     */
    void transLikedFromRedis2DB();

    /**
     * 将Redis中的点赞数量数据存入数据库
     */
    void transLikedCountFromRedis2DB();


}

接口的实现

@Service
public class LikedServiceImpl implements LikedService {

    @Autowired
    UserLikeRepository likeRepository;

    @Autowired
    RedisService redisService;

    @Autowired
    UserService userService;

    @Override
    @Transactional
    public UserLike save(UserLike userLike) {
        return likeRepository.save(userLike);
    }

    @Override
    @Transactional
    public List<UserLike> saveAll(List<UserLike> list) {
        return likeRepository.saveAll(list);
    }

    @Override
    public Page<UserLike> getLikedListByLikedUserId(String likedUserId, Pageable pageable) {
        return likeRepository.findByLikedUserIdAndStatus(likedUserId, LikedStatusEnum.LIKE.getCode(), pageable);
    }

    @Override
    public Page<UserLike> getLikedListByLikedPostId(String likedPostId, Pageable pageable) {
        return likeRepository.findByLikedPostIdAndStatus(likedPostId, LikedStatusEnum.LIKE.getCode(), pageable);
    }

    @Override
    public UserLike getByLikedUserIdAndLikedPostId(String likedUserId, String likedPostId) {
        return likeRepository.findByLikedUserIdAndLikedPostId(likedUserId, likedPostId);
    }

    @Override
    @Transactional
    public void transLikedFromRedis2DB() {
        List<UserLike> list = redisService.getLikedDataFromRedis();
        for (UserLike like : list) {
            UserLike ul = getByLikedUserIdAndLikedPostId(like.getLikedUserId(), like.getLikedPostId());
            if (ul == null){
                //没有记录，直接存入
                save(like);
            }else{
                //有记录，需要更新
                ul.setStatus(like.getStatus());
                save(ul);
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    @Transactional
    public void transLikedCountFromRedis2DB() {
    }
}

定时任务

采用spring自带的schedule定时任务

添加依赖

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
    </dependency>

定时任务

@Component
public class ScheduleDemo {
 @Autowired
    LikedService likedService;
    /**
     * 定时任务方法
     * @Schedule:设置定时任务
     * cron属性：cron表达式，定时任务触发是时间的一个字符串表达形式
     */
    @Scheduled(cron="0 0 0/12 * * ?")
    public void scheduledMethod(){
             //将 Redis 里的点赞信息同步到数据库里
        likedService.transLikedFromRedis2DB();
        likedService.transLikedCountFromRedis2DB();
    }
}

启动类

需要加上@EnableScheduling注解