Python-if

1、条件测试

1、检查（字符串、数字）是否相等 ，是否相当时区分大小写

 car = 'Audi' 
 car == 'audi' 

False 

 car = 'Audi'
 car.lower() == 'audi' 

 True

2、检测多个条件，用and、or

3、要判断特定的值是否已包含在列表中， 可使用关键字in

requested_toppings =['mushrooms','onions', 'pineapple'] 
'mushrooms' in requested_toppings 

True

 'pepperoni' in requested_toppings
  False

确定特定的值未包含在列表中很重要；在这种情况下，可使用关键字not in

if user not in banned_users:
   print(user.title() + ", you can post a response if you wish.") 

2、if语句

1、if语句

if conditional_test :     
   do something 

2、if-else语句

if age >= 18:     
  print("You are old enough to vote!")     print("Have you registered to vote yet?") 
else:     
   print("Sorry, you are too young to vote.")     
   print("Please register to vote as soon as you turn 18!") 

3、 if-elif-else
Python只执行 if-elif-else结构中的一个代码块，它依次检查每个条件测试，直到遇到通过了的条件测试。测试通过后，Python将执行紧跟在它后面的代码，并跳过余下的测试。
可使用多个elif，并且可以省略else

age = 12 
if age < 4:     
   print("Your admission cost is $0.") 
elif age < 18:     
   print("Your admission cost is $5.") 
else:     
   print("Your admission cost is $10.")

4、在if语句中将列表名用在条件表达式中时，Python将在列表 至少包含一个元素时返回True，并在列表为空时返回False

requested_toppings = [] 
if requested_toppings:     
for requested_topping in requested_toppings:         
   print("Adding " + requested_topping + ".")     print("\nFinished making your pizza!") 
else:     
   print("Are you sure you want a plain pizza?")