17-Servlet优化

基于 MVC 的三层架构

        web层（表示|界面层）、service层（业务逻辑层）、dao层(数据访问层、持久层)

/*
 * 写三层有两种方式：
 *      从前往后写：简单，没有多余的方法
 *      从后往前写：对开发者要求高，所有的dao都要写
 */

        从图中可以看出 servlet 的压力很大，既要与业务逻辑的交互，又要处理请求，同时还负责jsp页面的显示。严格按照MVC三层模型的写法的情况下，servlet会非常多，还有相当一部分只做 jsp 页面的展示。

        在实际的项目中，jsp 页面的展示一般就不会再用servlet处理了，另外在处理请求方面，servlet 是可以被简化的。

• 一个 servlet 实现多个请求：

        jsp 请求写法：${pageContext.request.contextPath }/userservlet?method=login

        servlet 写法：用反射实现了 servlet  类中方法的调用，使一个 servlet 可以处理多个请求。大大减少 servlet 的数量。

@WebServlet(name = "UserServlet",urlPatterns = "/userservlet")
public class UserServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String methodName = request.getParameter("method");
//        if(methodName.equals("register")){
//            register(request, response);
//        }else if (methodName.equals("login")){
//            login(request, response);
//        }
        try {
            Method method = this.getClass().getMethod(methodName, HttpServletRequest.class, HttpServletResponse.class);
            if(method != null){
                method.invoke(this,request,response);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("没有调用的方法", e);
        }
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request, response);
    }

    public void register(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
        System.out.println("注册了");
    }

    public void login(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
        System.out.println("登录了");
    }
}

• Servlet父类：

        把上边这个类进行抽象，封装父类，项目中所有 servlet 继承父类，配置每个 servlet 类的路径后，直接在 servlet 类中写方法即可

//所有servlet的父类，不要写注解
public class BaseServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String methodName = request.getParameter("method");
        try {
            Method method = this.getClass().getMethod(methodName, HttpServletRequest.class, HttpServletResponse.class);
            if(method != null) {
                String url = (String) method.invoke(this, request, response);
                if(!url.isEmpty()){
                    if(url.startsWith("redirect:")){
                        String realURL = url.split(":")[1];
                        //重定向
                        response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/"+realURL);
                    }else {
                        //转发
                        request.getRequestDispatcher(url).forward(request, response);
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException |IllegalAccessException |InvocationTargetException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("没有相关方法", e);
        }
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request, response);
    }
}

• 优化的 servlet：

@WebServlet(name = "admin.UserServlet",urlPatterns = "/admin/userservlet")
public class UserServlet extends BaseServlet {

    //删除用户
    public String deleteUser(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
        //判断是否登录
        User admin = (User)request.getSession().getAttribute("admin");
        if(admin == null){
            return "redirect:admin/login.jsp";
        }

        //2.获取参数
        String id = request.getParameter("id");
        UserService userService = new UserServiceImpl();
        boolean b = userService.updateFlag(Integer.parseInt(id),2);
        if(!b){
            throw new RuntimeException("删除用户失败");
        }
        return null;
    }

    //用户登录
    public String login(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        if(StringUtils.isEmpty(username) || StringUtils.isEmpty(password)){
            throw new RuntimeException("用户名或密码为空");
        }

        UserService userService = new UserServiceImpl();
        User user = userService.login(username, password);
        if(user != null){
            if(user.getRole() == 1){//管理员
                request.setAttribute("msg", "请用管理员账号登录");
                return "/admin/login.jsp";
            }
        }else {
            request.setAttribute("msg", "用户名或密码不正确");
            return "/admin/login.jsp";
        }

        //放入Session
        request.getSession().setAttribute("admin", user);
        return "redirect:admin/admin.jsp";
    }