JavaWeb项目中验证码图片的绘制

自己在学习JavaWeb的时候学习了验证码的生成部分，感觉以后做网站什么的都会经常遇到，为了防止遗忘，所以写下这个博客，方便自己以后回忆。
验证码图片生成文件：
VerifyCode.java

package cn.itcast.image;

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
public class VerifyCode {

	private int w = 70;
	private int h = 35;
	private Random r = new Random();
	private String[] fontNames = {"宋体","华文楷体","华文隶书","微软雅黑","楷体_GB2312"};
	//可选的字符
	private String codes = "23456789abcdefghjkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
	//背景色
	private Color bgColor = new Color(255, 255, 255);
	//验证码文本
	private String text;
	
	private Color randomColor(){
		int red = r.nextInt(150);
		int green = r.nextInt(150);
		int blue = r.nextInt(150);
		return new Color(red, green, blue);
	}
	
	private Font randomFont(){
		int index = r.nextInt(fontNames.length);
		String fontName = fontNames[index];
		int style = r.nextInt(4);//生成随机的样式，0（无样式），1（粗体），2（斜体），3（粗体+斜体）
		int size = r.nextInt(5) + 24;//生成随机字号，24-28
		return new Font(fontName, style, size);
	}
	
	//画干扰线
	private void drawLine(BufferedImage image){
		int num = 3;//生成的干扰线条数
		Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
		for(int i = 0; i < num; i++){//生成两个点的坐标，即4个值
			int x1 = r.nextInt(w);
			int y1 = r.nextInt(h);
			int x2 = r.nextInt(w);
			int y2 = r.nextInt(h);
			g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F));
			g2.setColor(Color.BLUE);//干扰线是蓝色
			g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);//画线
		}
	}
	
	//随机生成一个字符 	
	private char randomChar(){
		int index = r.nextInt(codes.length());
		return codes.charAt(index);
	}
	
	private BufferedImage createImage(){
		BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
		g2.setColor(this.bgColor);
		g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
		return image;
	}
	
	public BufferedImage getImage(){
		BufferedImage image = createImage();//创建图片缓冲区
		Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();//得到绘制环境
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();//用来装载生成的验证码文本
		//向图片中画4个字符
		for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++){//循环四次，每次生成一个字符
			String s = randomChar() + "";//随机生成一个字母
			sb.append(s);//把字母添加到sb中
			float x = i * 1.0F * w / 4;//设置当前字母的x轴坐标
			g2.setFont(randomFont());//设置随机字体
			g2.setColor(randomColor());//设置随机颜色
			g2.drawString(s, x, h-5);//画图
		}
		this.text = sb.toString();//把生成的字符串赋给this.text
		drawLine(image);//添加干扰线
		return image;
	}
	
	public String getText(){
		return text;
	}
	
	public static void output(BufferedImage image, OutputStream out) throws IOException{
		ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);
	}
}

测试模块：

	@Test
	public void test() throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
		VerifyCode vc = new VerifyCode();
		BufferedImage bi = vc.getImage();
		VerifyCode.output(bi, new FileOutputStream("F:/xxx.jpg"));
		
		System.out.println(vc.getText());
	}

运行出来的效果图：