java开发中的servlet应用,验证码小案例

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-06 13:59:51 发布

杰少2020

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-06 13:59:51 发布

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分类专栏： JAVA xml 文章标签：验证码 httpservlet java验证码

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yj19880214/article/details/90113943

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**学习HttpServlet的小案例，验证码动态更新、及提交验证。

一、建立java项目后，在web项下建的html如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>验证码案例</title>
 </head>
<body>
<form action="/cookieServlet/RegisterServlet" method="post">
    <input type="text" name="vCode"/>
    <img alt="图片" id="vCode" src="/cookieServlet/VerifyCodeServlet"/>
    <a href="javascript:change()">看不清，换一张</a>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
function change() {
    var vCode = document.getElementById("vCode");
    vCode.src="/cookieServlet/VerifyCodeServlet?"+new Date().getTime();
}
</script>
</html>

二、创建类包，编写java代码：
2.1 随机验证码的背景文字及干扰信息等（写好的代码直接导入）：

package codeDemo
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;

public class VerifyCode {
private int w = 70;
private int h = 35;
private Random r = new Random();
// 定义有那些字体
private String[] fontNames = { "宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312" };
// 定义有那些验证码的随机字符
private String codes = "23456789abcdefghjkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
// 生成背景色
private Color bgColor = new Color(200, 100, 50);
// 用于gettext 方法 获得生成的验证码文本
private String text;
// 生成随机颜色
private Color randomColor() {
    int red = r.nextInt(150);
    int green = r.nextInt(150);
    int blue = r.nextInt(150);
    return new Color(red, green, blue);
}
// 生成随机字体
private Font randomFont() {
    int index = r.nextInt(fontNames.length);
    String fontName = fontNames[index];
    int style = r.nextInt(4);
    int size = r.nextInt(5) + 24;
    return new Font(fontName, style, size);
}
// 画干扰线
private void drawLine(BufferedImage image) {
    int num = 3;
    Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
    for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
        int x1 = r.nextInt(w);
        int y1 = r.nextInt(h);
        int x2 = r.nextInt(w);
        int y2 = r.nextInt(h);
        g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F));// 不知道
        g2.setColor(Color.blue);
        g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
    }
}
// 得到codes的长度内的随机数 并使用charAt 取得随机数位置上的codes中的字符
private char randomChar() {
    int index = r.nextInt(codes.length());
    return codes.charAt(index);
}
// 创建一张验证码的图片
public BufferedImage createImage() {
    BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h,
            BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
    Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    // 向图中画四个字符
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        String s = randomChar() + "";
        sb.append(s);
        float x = i * 1.0F * w / 4;
        g2.setFont(randomFont());
        g2.setColor(randomColor());
        g2.drawString(s, x, h - 5);
   }
    this.text = sb.toString();
    drawLine(image);
    // 返回图片
    return image;
}
// 得到验证码的文本 后面是用来和用户输入的验证码 检测用
public String getText() {
    return text;
}
// 定义输出的对象和输出的方向
public static void output(BufferedImage bi, OutputStream fos)
        throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
    ImageIO.write(bi, "JPEG", fos);
  }
}

2.2 获取验证码上的文本、图片等代码：

package codeDemo;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;

public class VerifyCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
 @Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) 
throws    ServletException, IOException {
    //创建验证码类对象
    VerifyCode vc=new VerifyCode();
    //获取图片
    BufferedImage image = vc.createImage();
    //获取文本
    String text = vc.getText();
    //设置session域数据
    HttpSession session = req.getSession();
    session.setAttribute("text",text);

    //获取输出流
   ServletOutputStream outputStream = resp.getOutputStream();
   //把图片响应到页面去
   vc.output(image,outputStream);
}

@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) 
throws ServletException, IOException {
    super.doPost(req, resp);
}
}

2.3 判断验证码上的文本和输入的文本，

package codeDemo;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;

public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) 
throws  ServletException, IOException {
    //设定字符集
    req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
    resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
    //获取验证码文本
    String vCode = req.getParameter("vCode");
    //判断输入和随机产生的是否相同
    //图片中的验证码怎么获取，在verifycodeservlet类中
    //verifycodeservlet和registservlet要共享数据，不在一个请求中，但在一个会话中
    //用session会话共享数据
    //获取数据
    HttpSession session = req.getSession();
    String text = (String) session.getAttribute("text");

    String msg="";
    //判断
    if (vCode.equalsIgnoreCase(text)) {
        msg = "验证成功！";
    }else {
        msg="验证码错误！";
    }
    resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
    resp.getWriter().println(msg);
}
}

三、别忘记在xml中注册两个servlet：

<!--表单提交的servlet注册-->
 <servlet>
    <servlet-name>codeServlet1</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>codeDemo.VerifyCodeServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>codeServlet1</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/VerifyCodeServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<!--随机验证码的servlet注册-->
 <servlet>
<servlet-name>RegisterServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>codeDemo.RegisterServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>RegisterServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/RegisterServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

杰少2020

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java开发中的servlet应用,验证码小案例

**学习HttpServlet的小案例，验证码动态更新、及提交验证。一、建立java项目后，在web项下建的html如下：<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>验证码案例</title> </head>&l...
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