建造者模式定义
Separate the construction of a complex object from its representation so that the same construction process can create different representations.(将一个复杂对象的构建与它的表示分离,使得同样的构建过程可以创建不同的表示。)
建造者模式成员
抽象产品类 & 产品类
public abstract class AbstractProduct {
private List<String> sequence = Lists.newArrayList();
protected abstract void doSomething1();
protected abstract void doSomething2();
protected abstract void doSomething3();
// 这里结合了模板方法模式
final void run() {
if (sequence.size() > 0) {
for (String sequenceStr : sequence) {
switch (sequenceStr) {
case "doSomething1":
this.doSomething1();
break;
case "doSomething2":
this.doSomething2();
break;
case "doSomething3":
this.doSomething3();
break;
}
}
}
}
final void setSequence(List<String> sequence) {
this.sequence = sequence;
}
}
public class Product1 extends AbstractProduct {
@Override
protected void doSomething1() {
System.out.println("Product1.doSomething1");
}
@Override
protected void doSomething2() {
System.out.println("Product1.doSomething2");
}
@Override
protected void doSomething3() {
System.out.println("Product1.doSomething3");
}
}
public class Product2 extends AbstractProduct {
@Override
protected void doSomething1() {
System.out.println("Product2.doSomething1");
}
@Override
protected void doSomething2() {
System.out.println("Product2.doSomething2");
}
@Override
protected void doSomething3() {
System.out.println("Product2.doSomething3");
}
}
抽象建造者类 & 建造者类
public abstract class AbstractBuilder {
public abstract void setSequence(List<String> sequence);
public abstract AbstractProduct buildProduct();
}
public class Builder1 extends AbstractBuilder {
private AbstractProduct product = new Product1();
@Override
public void setSequence(List<String> sequence) {
this.product.setSequence(sequence);
}
@Override
public AbstractProduct buildProduct() {
return this.product;
}
}
public class Builder2 extends AbstractBuilder {
private AbstractProduct product = new Product2();
@Override
public void setSequence(List<String> sequence) {
this.product.setSequence(sequence);
}
@Override
public AbstractProduct buildProduct() {
return this.product;
}
}
导演类
public class Director {
private AbstractBuilder abstractBuilder1 = new Builder1();
private AbstractBuilder abstractBuilder2 = new Builder2();
public AbstractProduct getProduct1() {
List<String> sequence = Lists.newArrayList();
sequence.add("doSomething1");
sequence.add("doSomething2");
sequence.add("doSomething3");
abstractBuilder1.setSequence(sequence);
return abstractBuilder1.buildProduct();
}
public AbstractProduct getProduct2() {
List<String> sequence = Lists.newArrayList();
sequence.add("doSomething3");
sequence.add("doSomething2");
sequence.add("doSomething1");
abstractBuilder2.setSequence(sequence);
return abstractBuilder2.buildProduct();
}
}
调用者
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Director director = new Director();
director.getProduct1().run();
director.getProduct2().run();
}
}
建造者模式优点
- 封装性强,客户端无需知道产品内部组成的细节
- 建造者独立,容易扩展
- 便于控制细节风险
建造者模式缺点
- 导演类不是独立的,如果扩展产品类,需要对导演类进行修改,违背开闭原则